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Title: Einstein and the Universe
A popular exposition of the famous theory
Author: Charles Nordmann
Translator: Joseph McCabe
Contributor: Viscount Haldane
EINSTEIN AND THE UNIVERSE
A Popular Exposition of the Famous Theory
By CHARLES NORDMANN
Astronomer to the Paris Observatory.
Translated by JOSEPH McCABE
With a Preface by the Rt. Hon.
THE VISCOUNT HALDANE, O.M.
T. FISHER UNWIN LTD.
LONDON: ADELPHI TERRACE
First published in EnglishApril 1922
Second ImpressionJune 1922
¾ÆÀν´Å¸Àΰú ¿ìÁÖÀÇ Ã¥.The Book of Einstein and the Universe, by Charles Nordmann
CONTENTS
PREFACE BY THE RT. HON. VISCOUNT HALDANE, O.M. pp. £¿5-8
INTRODUCTION pp. 13-15
CHAPTER I
THE METAMORPHOSES OF
SPACE AND TIME
Removing the mathematical difficulties¡ªThe pillars
of knowledge¡ªAbsolute time and space, from
Aristotle to Newton¡ªRelative time and space,
from Epicurus to Poincar£¿ and Einstein¡ª
Classical Relativity¡ªAntinomy of stellar
aberration and the Michelson experiment pp. 17-31
CHAPTER II
SCIENCE IN A NO-THOROUGHFARE
Scientific truth and mathematics¡ªThe precise function
of Einstein¡ªMichelson¡¯s experiment, the Gordian knot
of science¡ªThe hesitations of Poincar£¿¡ªThe strange,
but necessary, Fitzgerald-Lorentz hypothesis¡ªThe
contraction of moving bodies¡ªPhilosophical and
physical difficulties pp. 32-52
CHAPTER III
EINSTEIN¡¯S SOLUTION
Provisional rejection of ether¡ªRelativist
interpretation of Michelson¡¯s experiment¡ªNew aspect
of the speed of light¡ªExplanation of the contraction
of moving bodies¡ªTime and the four dimensions of
space¡ªEinstein¡¯s ¡°Interval¡± the only material
reality pp. 53-72[Pg 10]
CHAPTER IV
EINSTEIN¡¯S MECHANICS
The mechanical foundation of all the sciences¡ª
Ascending the stream of time¡ªThe speed of
light an impassable limit¡ªThe addition of speeds
and Fizeau¡¯s experiment¡ªVariability of mass¡ª
The ballistics of electrons¡ªGravitation and light
as atomic microcosms¡ªMatter and energy¡ª
The death of the sun pp. 73-100
CHAPTER V
GENERALISED RELATIVITY
Weight and inertia¡ªAmbiguity of the Newtonian
law¡ªEquivalence of gravitation and accelerated
movement¡ªJules Verne¡¯s projectile and the principle
of inertia¡ªWhy rays of light are subject to
gravitation¡ªHow light from the stars is
weighed¡ªAn eclipse as a source of light pp. 101-123
CHAPTER VI
THE NEW CONCEPTION
OF GRAVITATION
Geometry and reality¡ªEuclid¡¯s geometry and
others¡ªContingency of Poincar£¿¡¯s criterion¡ª
The real universe is not Euclidean but Riemannian¡ª
The avatars of the number ¥ð¡ªThe point of view of
the drunken man¡ªStraight and geodetic lines¡ªThe
new law of universal attraction¡ªExplanation of the
anomaly of the planet Mercury¡ªEinstein¡¯s theory
of gravitation pp. 124-147
CHAPTER VII
IS THE UNIVERSE INFINITE?
Kant and the number of the stars¡ªExtinct stars and
dark nebul©¡¡ªExtent and aspect of the astronomical
universe¡ªDifferent kinds of universes¡ªPoincar£¿¡¯s
calculation¡ªPhysical definition of the infinite¡ª
The infinite and the unlimited¡ªStability and
curvature of cosmic space-time¡ªReal and virtual
stars¡ªDiameter of the Einsteinian universe¡ª
The hypothesis of globes of ether pp. 148-159[Pg 11]
CHAPTER VIII
SCIENCE AND REALITY
The Einsteinian absolute¡ªRevelation by science¡ª
Discussion of the experimental bases of Relativity¡ª
Other possible explanations¡ªArguments in favour
of Lorentz¡¯s real contraction¡ªNewtonian space
may be distinct from absolute space¡ªThe real is
a privileged form of the possible¡ªTwo attitudes
in face of the unknown pp. 160-172
CHAPTER IX
EINSTEIN OR NEWTON?
Recent discussion of Relativism at the Academy
of Sciences¡ªTraces of the privileged space
of Newton¡ªThe principle of causality,
the basis of science¡ªExamination of M.
Painlev£¿¡¯s objections¡ªNewtonian arguments
and Relativist replies¡ªM. Painlev£¿¡¯s formulas
of gravitation¡ªFecundity of Einstein¡¯s theory¡ª
Two conceptions of the world¡ªConclusion pp. 173-185