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social thought[thinking], social ideas

Social theories are analytical frameworks, or paradigms, that are used to study and interpret social phenomena. A tool used by social scientists, social theories relate to historical debates over the validity and reliability of different methodologies (e.g. positivism and antipositivism), the primacy of either structure or agency, as well as the relationship between contingency and necessity. Social theory in an informal nature, or authorship based outside of academic social and political science, may be referred to as "social criticism" or "social commentary", or "cultural criticism" and may be associated both with formal cultural and literary scholarship, as well as other non-academic or journalistic forms of writing.

Social theorysocial thought
Social thought provides general theories to explain actions and behavior of society as a whole, encompassing sociological, political, and philosophical ideas. Classical social theory has generally been presented from a perspective of Western philosophy, and often regarded as Eurocentric. Theory construction.

Social theory by definition is used to make distinctions and generalizations among different types of societies, and to analyze modernity as it has emerged in the past few centuries.[2]:£¿10£¿ Social theory as it is recognized today emerged in the 20th century as a distinct discipline, and was largely equated with an attitude of critical thinking and the desire for knowledge through a posteriori methods of discovery, rather than a priori methods of tradition.[citation needed]

Social thought provides general theories to explain actions and behavior of society as a whole, encompassing sociological, political, and philosophical ideas. Classical social theory has generally been presented from a perspective of Western philosophy, and often regarded as Eurocentric.[by whom?]

Theory construction, according to The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology, is instrumental: "Their goal is to promote accurate communication, rigorous testing, high accuracy, and broad applicability. They include the following: absence of contradictions, absence of ambivalence, abstractness, generality, precision, parsimony, and conditionality."Therefore, a social theory consists of well-defined terms, statements, arguments and scope conditions.

A HISTORY OF
SOCIAL THOUGHT
BY
EMORY S. BOGARDUS, PH.D.
Professor and Head of Department of Sociology and Social Work
University of Southern California
Author of
INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY
ESSENTIALS OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
ESSENTIALS OF AMERICANIZATION
1922
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PRESS
3474 UNIVERSITY AVENUE
LOS ANGELES
________________________________________
Copyright 1922, University of Southern California Press
JESSE RAY MILLER
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PRESS
LOS ANGELES

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CONTENTS
1. THE NATURE OF SOCIAL THOUGHT 11

2. EARLIEST SOCIAL THOUGHT 20

3. THE SOCIAL THOUGHT OF ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS 36

4. THE SOCIAL THOUGHT OF THE HEBREWS 54

5. PLATO AND GRECIAN SOCIAL THOUGHT 74

6. ARISTOTLE AND GRECIAN SOCIAL THOUGHT 101

7. ROMAN SOCIAL THOUGHT 114

8. EARLY CHRISTIAN SOCIAL THOUGHT 121

9. SOCIAL THOUGHT IN THE MIDDLE AGES 145

10. MORE AND UTOPIAN SOCIAL THOUGHT 154

11. INDIVIDUALISTIC SOCIAL THOUGHT 173

12. MALTHUS AND POPULATION CONCEPTS 199

13. COMTE AND POSITIVE SOCIAL THOUGHT 209

14. MARX AND SOCIALISTIC SOCIAL THOUGHT 226

15. BUCKLE AND GEOGRAPHIC SOCIAL THOUGHT 246

16. SPENCER AND ORGANIC SOCIAL THOUGHT 257

17. THE SOCIOLOGY OF LESTER F. WARD 277

18. ANTHROPOLOGIC SOCIOLOGY 301

19. EUGENIC SOCIOLOGY 325

20. CONFLICT THEORIES IN SOCIOLOGY 338

21. CO-OPERATION THEORIES IN SOCIOLOGY 352

22. PSYCHO-SOCIOLOGIC THOUGHT 367

23. PSYCHO-SOCIOLOGIC THOUGHT (continued) 389

24. THE TREND OF APPLIED SOCIOLOGY 423

25. THE RISE OF EDUCATIONAL SOCIOLOGY 442

26. THE SOCIOLOGY OF MODERN CHRISTIANITY 451

27. METHODS OF SOCIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION 475

28. THE DISSEMINATION OF SOCIOLOGICAL THOUGHT 489

INDEX 504