¢º "If the soul exists before birth, and if it is immortal, then it follows that it must exist after death."("¸¸¾à ¿µÈ¥ÀÌ Å¾±â Àü¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ°í ºÒ¸êÀ̶ó¸é Á×À½ ÀÌÈÄ¿¡µµ Á¸ÀçÇØ¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.") : ÇöóÅæÀÇ ÆÄÀ̵·(Phaedo by Plato)Àº ÇöóÅæ(Plato, BC427?~BC347?)ÀÇ Á߱⠴ëÈÆí(Plato's Middle Dialogues)¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏ´Â ÀÛÇ°À¸·Î ±×ÀÇ ½º½Â ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º(Socrates, BC470?~BC399)°¡ ±×°¡ óÇüµÇ±â Àü ³¯ ÆÄÀ̵·(Phaedo)°ú ³ª´« ´ëÈ·ÏÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º´Â ¿µÈ¥ÀÌ ¿µ¿øÇϸç öÇÐÀÚ´Â Á×À½À» µÎ·Á¿öÇؼ´Â ¾ÈµÈ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ¸é¼ »çÈÄ ¼¼°èÀÇ º»Áú°ú ¿µÈ¥ÀÇ ºÒ¸ê¿¡ ´ëÇØ ³íÀÇÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º´Â ¿µÈ¥ÀÌ ºÒ¸êÀ̸ç Á×À½Àº ´ÜÁö À°Ã¼¿¡¼ ¿µÈ¥ÀÌ ºÐ¸®µÇ´Â °ÍÀ̶ó°í ¹Ï±â ¶§¹®¿¡ Á×À½À» µÎ·Á¿öÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù°í Ä£±¸µé¿¡°Ô ´ã´ãÈ÷ ¸»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â À°½ÅÀº Á×°í ½âÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸ ¿µÈ¥Àº ºÒ¸êÇÏ°í ½âÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù°í À̾߱âÇϸç, ¿µÈ¥°ú ¸ö »çÀÌÀÇ °ü°è¸¦ ¼³¸íÇϱâ À§ÇØ °Å¹®°í¿Í ±×°ÍÀÌ ¸¸µé¾î³»´Â Çϸð´ÏÀÇ ºñÀ¯¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
¢º "Philosophy is preparation for dying, and for death itself."("öÇÐÀº Á×À½À» À§ÇÑ Áغñ, Á×À½ ±× ÀÚü¸¦ À§ÇÑ Áغñ´Ù.") : ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º´Â ¹°¸®Àû ¼¼°è ³Ê¸Ó¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â ¿ÏÀüÇÏ°í ¿µ¿øÇÑ ÇüÅÂÀÇ ¼¼°è°¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â ÇüÅ ÀÌ·Ð(the theory of Forms)¿¡ ´ëÇØ ³íÀÇÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â ¿µÈ¥ÀÌ ¹°Áú°è¿¡ ž±â Àü¿¡ Çü»ó°è¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇßÀ½ÀÌ Æ²¸²¾øÀ¸¸ç »çÈÄ¿¡ Çü»ó°è·Î µ¹¾Æ¿Â´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÏÁö¿ä. ±×·± ´ÙÀ½ ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º´Â ±â¾ïÀÇ °³³äÀ¸·Î µ¹¾Æ°¡¼ ÇнÀÀº ½ÇÁ¦·Î Çü»óÀÇ ¼¼°è¿¡¼ ¿µÈ¥ÀÌ ÀÌ¹Ì ¼ÒÀ¯ÇÑ Áö½ÄÀ» ±â¾ïÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤À̶ó°í ÁÖÀåÇϸç, À̸¦ ¼³¸íÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¾î´À ³ë¿¹ ¼Ò³â(the slave boy)À» ¿¹·Î µì´Ï´Ù.
¢º "For the true philosophers, death is simply the separation of the soul from the body."("ÁøÁ¤ÇÑ Ã¶ÇÐÀڵ鿡°Ô Á×À½Àº ´Ü¼øÈ÷ À°Ã¼¿¡¼ ¿µÈ¥ÀÌ ºÐ¸®µÇ´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.") : ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º´Â »î°ú Á×À½ÀÇ ¼øȯÀû º»Áú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾î¸¦ ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î ¿µÈ¥ÀÇ ºÒ¸ê¼º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±×ÀÇ ¸¶Áö¸· ÁÖÀåÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â ÀÚ¿¬ÀÇ ¸ðµç °Í¿¡´Â ¶ß°Å¿î °Í°ú Â÷°¡¿î °Í°ú °°ÀÌ ¹Ý´ë°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, »î°ú Á×À½µµ ¹Ý´ë¶ó°í ÁÖÀåÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î »îÀÌ Á×À½À» µû¸£´Â °Íó·³ Á×À½µµ »îÀ» µû¶ó¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º°¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¸ñ¼ûÀ» ²÷À» Çð·Ï(The Hemlock)À» ¸¶½Ç Áغñ¸¦ ÇÏÀÚ Ä£±¸µéÀº °¨Á¤ÀÌ ºÏ¹ÞÃÄ ¿ï±â ½ÃÀÛÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º´Â ±×µéÀÇ ¿ë±â ºÎÁ·À» ²Ù¢À¸¸ç öÇÐÀº Á×À½À» ÁغñÇÏ´Â ÇàÀ§ÀÓÀ» »ó±â½ÃŲ ÈÄ Ã¶ÇÐÀÚ´Â À°Ã¼·ÎºÎÅÍ ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ºÐ¸®ÇÏ°í ¿µÈ¥¿¡ ÁýÁßÇØ¾ß Çϸç Á×À½Àº ¿µÈ¥ÀÌ À°Ã¼·ÎºÎÅÍ ºÐ¸®µÇ´Â °Í¿¡ ºÒ°úÇÏ´Ù°í À̾߱âÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º´Â Çð·ÏÀ» ¸¶½Ã°í Á×Áö¸¸ ¿µÈ¥Àº ºÒ¸êÀÌ¸ç ¸öÀÌ Á×Àº ÈÄ¿¡µµ °è¼Ó µÉ °ÍÀ̱⠶§¹®¿¡ ±×°¡ ½ÇÁ¦·Î Á×Àº °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó°í Ä£±¸µéÀ» ¾È½É½ÃÅ°±â Àü¿¡ Á×½À´Ï´Ù. ±×ÀÇ Ä£±¸µéÀº ±×ÀÇ Á×À½À» ¾ÖµµÇÒ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ³»¼¼ÀÇ º»Áú°ú ¿µÈ¥ÀÇ ºÒ¸ê¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¼÷°íÇÏ°Ô µË´Ï´Ù.
¢º "The philosopher desires to release the soul from the body and contemplate things in themselves, free of the distractions of the senses."("öÇÐÀÚ´Â À°Ã¼¿¡¼ ¿µÈ¥À» Çعæ½ÃÅ°°í °¨°¢ÀÇ »ê¸¸ÇÔ¿¡¼ ¹þ¾î³ª »ç¹° ÀÚü¸¦ °üÁ¶Çϱ⸦ ¿øÇÕ´Ï´Ù.") : ÇöóÅæÀÇ ÆÄÀ̵·(Phaedo by Plato)Àº ¿µÈ¥ÀÇ º»Áú, »çÈÄ ¼¼°è ¹× Àΰ£ °æÇè¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °·ÂÇÑ Å½±¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÇöóÅæÀº ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½ºÀÇ ¸»°ú ÇൿÀ» ÅëÇØ ¿µÈ¥ºÒ¸ê¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼³µæ·Â ÀÖ´Â ³í°Å¸¦ Á¦½ÃÇÏ°í µ¶ÀÚ·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý »î°ú Á×À½, ±×¸®°í ±× ³Ê¸Ó¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÇ º»Áú¿¡ ´ëÇØ ±íÀÌ »ý°¢Çϵµ·Ï °Ý·ÁÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ´ëÈ´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½ºÀÇ »î°ú öÇÐ, ±×¸®°í ¿ª»ç»ó °¡Àå À§´ëÇÑ »ç»ó°¡ Áß ÇÑ »ç¶÷À¸·Î¼ÀÇ ±×ÀÇ Áö¼ÓÀûÀÎ À¯»ê¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Âù»çÀ̱⵵ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÇöóÅæÀÇ ÆÄÀ̵·(Phaedo by Plato)Àº ÇϳªÀÇ ±Ù¿øÀûÀΠȵο¡ ´ëÇÑ Å½±¸¸¦ À§ÇØ »ó´ë¹æ¿¡°Ô Áú¹®ÇÏ°í, À̸¦ ¹Ý¹ÚÇÏ¸ç °ËÁõÇØ ³ª°¡´Â ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½ºÀÇ ´ëȹý(Socratic Dialog)À» Ãæ½ÇÇÏ°Ô º¸¿©ÁÖ´Â ÀÛÇ°ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Å׸¶¿©Çà½Å¹® TTN Korea ¿µ¾î°íÀü(English Classics)°ú ÇÔ²² ¾îÁ¦µµ, ¿À´Ãµµ, ³»Àϵµ ¸ÚÁø ¹®Çп©ÇàÀ»! B
¢º ½º½Â ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º¸¦ À§ÇÑ Âù°¡, ÇöóÅæÀÇ ´ëÈÆí(Plato's Dialogues) : ºÎÀ¯ÇÑ ºÎ¸ð¸¦ µÐ ÇöóÅæÀº ´ç½Ã ¾ÆÅ׳׿¡¼ ¼±Ç³ÀûÀÎ Àα⸦ ²ø´ø ºñ±Ø °æ¿¬´ëȸ¿¡ Âü¼®Çϱâ À§ÇØ Á÷Á¢ ºñ±ØÀ» ÁýÇÊÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯´ø Áß µð¿À´Ï¼Ò½º ±ØÀå ¾Õ¿¡¼ ÀڽŸ¸ÀÇ ¹®´ä¹ýÀ¸·Î ¾ÆÅ×³× ½Ã¹Îµé¿¡°Ô ±ú´ÞÀ½À» Àü´ÞÇÏ´Â ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º¸¦ ¸¸³µ°í, À̴ û³â ÇöóÅæ¿¡°Ô Å« Ãæ°ÝÀ» ÁÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±Þ±â¾ß ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÛÇ°À» ¸ðµÎ ºÒÅ¿ö ¹ö¸° ÈÄ ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½ºÀÇ Á¦ÀÚ·Î ÀÔ¹®ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, Èʳ¯ ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º¸¦ ÁÖÀΰøÀ¸·Î ÇÏ´Â 30¿© ÆíÀÇ ¡®ÇöóÅæÀÇ ´ëÈÆí¡¯À» ÅëÇØ ½º½Â¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¸°æ½ÉÀ» Ç¥ÇöÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ±×ÀÇ Á¦ÀÚ ¾Æ¸®½ºÅäÅÚ·¹½º°¡ ½º½Â ÇöóÅæÀ» ºñÆÇÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀ» ´Ùµë¾î °£ °Í°ú´Â ´ëÁ¶µÇ´Â ´ë¸ñÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º°¡ ÇöóÅæÀ» ¸¸³ª±â Àü¿¡ ²Ù¾ú´Ù´Â ¡®¹éÁ¶ ²Þ¡¯ ÀÏȵµ À¯¸íÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â ¾î´À ³¯ ¹«¸¿¡ ¾ÉÇô ³õ¾Ò´ø ¹éÁ¶°¡ °©ÀÚ°¡ Çϴ÷Π³¯¾Æ°¡ ¹ö¸®´Â ²ÞÀ» ²Ù¾ú´Âµ¥¡¦¡¦. ÇöóÅæÀ» ¸¸³ªÀÚ ³î¶ó¿òÀ» ±ÝÄ¡ ¸øÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ´Ï, ÀÚ³×°¡ ¹Ù·Î ±× ¹éÁ¶·Î±º!!
¢º And now, O my judges, I desire to prove to you that the real philosopher has reason to be of good cheer when he is about to die, and that after death he may hope to obtain the greatest good in the other world. And how this may be, Simmias and Cebes, I will endeavour to explain. For I deem that the true votary of philosophy is likely to be misunderstood by other men; they do not perceive that he is always pursuing death and dying; and if this be so, and he has had the desire of death all his life long, why when his time comes should he repine at that which he has been always pursuing and desiring?
¢¹ ±×¸®°í ÀÌÁ¦ ¿À ³ªÀÇ ÀçÆÇ°üµéÀÌ¿©, ÁøÁ¤ÇÑ Ã¶ÇÐÀÚ´Â ±×°¡ Á×±â Á÷Àü¿¡ ±â»µÇÒ ÀÌÀ¯°¡ ÀÖ°í Á×Àº ÈÄ¿¡ Àú ¼¼»ó¿¡¼ °¡Àå Å« ¼±À» ¾ò±â¸¦ Èñ¸ÁÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¿©·¯ºÐ¿¡°Ô Áõ¸íÇÏ°í ½Í½À´Ï´Ù. ½É¹Ì¾Æ½º¿Í Äɺ£½º, ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ¾î¶»°Ô µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´ÂÁö ¼³¸íÇÏ·Á°í ³ë·ÂÇÏ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù. ÁøÁ¤ÇÑ Ã¶ÇÐ ¾ÖÈ£°¡´Â ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ¿ÀÇظ¦ ¹Þ±â ½±´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×µéÀº ±×°¡ Ç×»ó Á×À½°ú Á×À½À» Ãß±¸ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀνÄÇÏÁö ¸øÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¸¸¾à ±×·¸´Ù¸é, ±×¸®°í ±×°¡ Æò»ý µ¿¾È Á×À½¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿å¸ÁÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù¸é, ¿Ö ±×ÀÇ ½Ã°£ÀÌ µÇ¾úÀ» ¶§ ±×°¡ Ç×»ó Ãß±¸ÇÏ°í ¿¸ÁÇØ ¿Â °Í¿¡ ´ëÇØ ºÒÆòÇØ¾ß Çմϱî?
¢º Simmias said laughingly: Though not in a laughing humour, you have made me laugh, Socrates; for I cannot help thinking that the many when they hear your words will say how truly you have described philosophers, and our people at home will likewise say that the life which philosophers desire is in reality death, and that they have found them out to be deserving of the death which they desire.
¢¹ ½É¹Ì¾Æ½º´Â ¿ôÀ¸¸ç ¸»Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ô´Â À¯¸Ó´Â ¾Æ´ÏÁö¸¸ ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º, ´ç½ÅÀº ³ª¸¦ ¿ô°Ô ¸¸µé¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ´ç½ÅÀÇ ¸»À» µè°í ´ç½ÅÀÌ Ã¶ÇÐÀÚ¸¦ ¾ó¸¶³ª Áø½ÇÇÏ°Ô ¹¦»çÇß´ÂÁö ¸»ÇÒ °ÍÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ±¹³» »ç¶÷µéµµ ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î öÇÐÀÚ°¡ ¿øÇÏ´Â »îÀº ½ÇÁ¦·Î Á×À½ÀÌ¸ç ±×µéÀÌ ¹ß°ßÇÑ °ÍÀº Á×À½À̶ó°í ¸»ÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×µéÀÌ ¿øÇÏ´Â Á×À½¿¡ ÇÕ´çÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
-¸ñÂ÷(Index)-
¢º ÇÁ·Ñ·Î±×(Prologue). Å׸¶¿©Çà½Å¹® TTN Korea ¿µ¾î°íÀü(English Classics) 1,999¼±À» Àоî¾ß ÇÏ´Â 7°¡Áö ÀÌÀ¯
¢º 14°¡Áö Å°¿öµå·Î Àд ÇöóÅæ(Plato, BC427?~BC347?)
01. ¡°¼¾ç öÇÐÀº ¸ðµÎ ÇöóÅæÀÇ °¢ÁÖ¿¡ ºÒ°úÇÏ´Ù.¡±(¡°It consists of a series of footnotes to Plato.)¡± ft. ¾ËÇÁ·¹µå ³ë½º ÈÀÌÆ®Çìµå(Alfred North Whitehead, 1861~1947)
02. ÇöóÅæÁÖÀÇ(Platonism)ÀÇ Ã¢½ÃÀÚ
03. ¼¾ç ÃÖÃÊ °íµî ±³À° ±â°ü(The first institution of higher learning in the Western world) ¾ÆÄ«µ¥¸ÞÀ̾Æ(Akad?mei?) ¼³¸³ÀÚ
04. ÇöóÅæÀÇ ´ëÈÆí(Plato's Dialogues)
05. ±¹°¡·Ð(The Republic, BC375)
06. ´Üµ· 20¹Ì³ª(Twenty Minas)¿¡ ³ë¿¹·Î Æȸ° ´ëÇÐÀÚ
07. ¹ÙÆ¼Ä ¶óÆÄ¿¤·Î(Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino)ÀÇ ¾ÆÅ×³× Çдç(Scuola di Atene, 1511)
08. öÇÐÀÚ ÇöóÅæÀÇ »ç¶û?! ÇöóÅä´Ð ·¯ºê(Platonic Love)
09. Á¤´Ù¸éü(ïáÒýØüô÷, Platonic Solid)
10. ÇöóÅæÀÇ Åμö¿°(Plato's Beard)
11. ÇöóÅæÀÇ ¹®Á¦(Plato's Problem) VS ¿ÀÀ£ÀÇ ¹®Á¦(Orwell¡¯s Problem)
12. ±×¸®½º ½ºÄ«ÀÌ TV(Skai TV) À§´ëÇÑ ±×¸®½ºÀÎ 100ÀÎ(100 Greatest Greeks)(2009) 9À§
13. ¿Àµð¿ÀºÏ(Audio Books)À¸·Î µè´Â ÇöóÅæ(Plato)
14. ÇöóÅæ(Plato) ¾î·Ï(Quotes)(199)
¢º ÇöóÅæÀÇ ÆÄÀ̵·(Phaedo by Plato)
Introduction.
¢¹ Phaedo
¢º ºÎ·Ï(Appendix). ¼¼°èÀÇ °íÀüÀ» ¿©ÇàÇÏ´Â È÷Ä¡ÇÏÀÌÄ¿¸¦ À§ÇÑ ¾È³»¼(The Hitchhiker's Guide to Worlds's Classics)
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