¢º "Through beauty we are brought to completeness and perfection."("¾Æ¸§´Ù¿òÀ» ÅëÇØ ¿ì¸®´Â ¿ÏÀüÇÔ°ú ¿ÏÀüÇÔ¿¡ À̸£°Ô µË´Ï´Ù.") : ÇöóÅæÀÇ Ç⿬(½ÉÆ÷Áö¾ö)(Symposium by Plato)Àº ÇöóÅæ(Plato, BC427?~BC347?)ÀÇ Á߱⠴ëÈÆí(Plato's Middle Dialogues)¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏ´Â ÀÛÇ°À¸·Î ±×ÀÇ ½º½Â ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º(Socrates, BC470?~BC399)°¡ ºñ±Ø ½ÃÀÎ(Tragic poet) ¾Æ°¡Åæ(Agathon, BC448~BC400)ÀÇ Áý¿¡ ¹æ¹®ÇØ ´ç´ëÀÇ Àú¸íÀλçµé°ú »ç¶û¿¡ ´ëÇØ ³ª´« ´ëÈ·ÏÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Ç⿬(½ÉÆ÷Áö¾ö)(Symposium by Plato)Àº »ç¶û°ú ¿å¸ÁÀÇ º»ÁúÀ» Ž±¸Çϴ öÇÐÀû ÅؽºÆ®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. °í´ë ¾ÆÅ׳×ÀÇ µð³ÊÆÄƼ¸¦ ¹è°æÀ¸·Î ¿©·¯ °Ô½ºÆ®°¡ °¢ÀÚ °íÀ¯ÇÑ °üÁ¡À» Á¦°øÇÏ´Â »ç¶ûÀ» ÁÖÁ¦·Î ¿¬¼³À» ³ª´©¸ç, ±Ã±ØÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¶ûÀÇ º¹À⼺°ú Àΰ£ »ýÈ°¿¡¼ÀÇ ¿ªÇÒ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´õ Å« ÀÌÇØ·Î ÀüÁøÇØ °¡´Âµ¥...?!
¢º "Every heart sings a song, incomplete, until another heart whispers back."("¸ðµç ¸¶À½Àº ´Ù¸¥ ¸¶À½ÀÌ ´Ù½Ã ¼Ó»èÀÏ ¶§±îÁö ºÒ¿ÏÀüÇÑ ³ë·¡¸¦ ºÎ¸¨´Ï´Ù.") : ºñ±Ø ½ÃÀÎ ¾Æ°¡ÅæÀÇ Áý¿¡ ¼Õ´ÔµéÀÌ µµÂøÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º¸¦ ºñ·ÔÇØ ´ç´ë ¾ÆÅ׳׿¡ ¸í¼ºÀÌ ÀÚÀÚÇÑ Àú¸íÀλçµé·Î °¡µæÇÑ °¡¿îµ¥, È·ÁÇÑ Àú³á ½Ä»ç¸¦ ¸¶Ä£ ÈÄ ±×µéÀº »ç¶ûÀ̶ó´Â ÁÖÁ¦¿¡ ´ëÇØ À̾߱⸦ ½ÃÀÛÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÆÄÀ̵å·Î½º(Phaedrus)´Â »ç¶ûÀÌ °¡Àå ¿À·¡µÇ°í °¡Àå °·ÂÇÑ ½ÅÀÌ¸ç ¿ë±â¿Í ÀÌŸ½ÉÀÇ À§´ëÇÑ ÇൿÀ» °í¹«½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ¸é¼ ¿¬¼³À» ½ÃÀÛÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÆÄ¿ì»ç´Ï¾Æ½º(Pausanias)´Â Á» ´õ ¹Ì¹¦ÇÑ Á¢±Ù ¹æ½ÄÀ» ÃëÇÏ¿© µÎ °¡Áö À¯ÇüÀÇ »ç¶ûÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ½ÅüÀû ¸Å·Â¿¡ ±â¹ÝÀ» µÐ ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ »ç¶û°ú ÁöÀû ¹× ¿µÀû ¿¬°á¿¡ ±â¹ÝÇÑ ÇÏ´ÃÀÇ »ç¶ûÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ¸®½ºÅäÆij׽º(Aristophanes, BC446~BC386)´Â »ç¶ûÀÇ ±â¿ø¿¡ ´ëÇÑ À¯¸Ó·¯½ºÇÑ À̾߱⸦ µé·ÁÁÖ¸ç, Àΰ£Àº ÇѶ§ Áß¼ºÀûÀÎ Á¸Àç¿´Áö¸¸ ½Åµé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¹ÝÀ¸·Î °¥¶óÁ® °¢ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ÀÒ¾î¹ö¸° ¹ÝÂÊÀ» ±×¸®¿öÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù°í ¾Ï½ÃÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÇ»ç ¿¡¸¯½Ã¸¶ÄÚ½º(Eryximachus)´Â »ç¶ûÀÌ °¡Àå ÀÛÀº ÀÔÀÚ¿¡¼ Ç༺ÀÇ ¿òÁ÷ÀÓ¿¡ À̸£±â±îÁö ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» Áö¹èÇÏ´Â º¸ÆíÀûÀÎ ÈûÀ̶ó°í ÁÖÀåÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
¢º "We should love not only to be loved, but also to be lovable."("¿ì¸®´Â »ç¶û¹Þ±â À§Çؼ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó »ç¶û½º·¯¿öÁö±â À§Çؼµµ »ç¶ûÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.") : ¾Æ°¡Åæ(Agathon)Àº »ç¶ûÀÇ ¾Æ¸§´Ù¿ò°ú ºÎµå·¯¿ò¿¡ ´ëÇØ ½ÃÀûÀÎ ¿¬¼³À» ÇÏ°í, ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º´Â »ç¶û ÀÚüÀÇ º»Áú¿¡ ´ëÇØ Áú¹®ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â »ç¶ûÀÌ ½ÅÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Àڽſ¡°Ô ºÎÁ·ÇÑ °Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿å¸ÁÀ̶ó°í ÁÖÀåÇÑ´Ù. ±×´Â ¶ÇÇÑ »ç¶ûÀÌ À°Ã¼Àû ¾Æ¸§´Ù¿ò¿¡ °üÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Áö½ÄÀ̳ª ¹Ì´ö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿å¸ÁÀÏ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù°í Á¦¾ÈÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¸¶Áö¸· ¿¬¼³¿¡¼ ¾ËÅ°ºñ¾Æµ¥½º´Â ¼ú¿¡ ÃëÇØ µµÂøÇÏ¿© »ç¶ûÀÇ º»ÁúÀ» ÁøÁ¤À¸·Î ÀÌÇØÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â À¯ÀÏÇÑ »ç¶÷À̶ó°í ¹Ï´Â ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º¸¦ ĪÂùÇÏ·Á°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º´Â ±×ÀÇ ÄªÂùÀ» ÀÏÃàÇÏ°í ´ë½Å ¹«¾ùº¸´Ù ÁöÇý¿Í Áø¸®¸¦ Ãß±¸ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Áß¿äÇÔÀ» °Á¶ÇÏ´Â ¿¬¼³À» ÇÑ´Ù.
¢º "Love is born into every human being; it calls back the halves of our original nature together; it tries to make one out of two and heal the wound of human nature."(»ç¶ûÀº ¸ðµç Àΰ£¿¡°Ô ž¼ ¿ì¸® º»¼ºÀÇ ¹ÝÂÊÀ» ºÒ·¯ ¸ðÀ¸°í µÑ¿¡¼ Çϳª¸¦ ¸¸µé°í Àΰ£ º»¼ºÀÇ »óó¸¦ Ä¡À¯ÇÏ·Á°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.") : ´ëÈ ³»³» ¿¬»ç´Â »ç¶û°ú ¿å¸ÁÀÇ º¹À⼺°ú ¾¾¸§ÇÏ¸ç ´Ù¾çÇÑ ÇüÅÂ¿Í µ¿±â¸¦ Ž±¸ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ½ÉÆ÷Áö¾öÀº ±Ã±ØÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¶ûÀÌ ÀÌŸ½ÉÀÇ °Å´ëÇÑ Çൿ°ú ÁúÅõ¿Í ¼ÒÀ¯¿åÀÇ Æı«ÀûÀÎ Çൿ ¸ðµÎ¿¡ ¿µ°¨À» ÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ´Ù¸éÀûÀÎ ÈûÀ̶ó°í Á¦¾ÈÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾î¸¦ Ž±¸ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ÇöóÅæÀº Àΰ£ Á¶°Ç°ú »îÀÇ ÀÇ¹Ì¿Í ¿¬°á¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Å½»ö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °·ÂÇÑ ³íÆòÀ» Á¦°øÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Ç⿬(½ÉÆ÷Áö¾ö)(Symposium by Plato)Àº ÇϳªÀÇ ±Ù¿øÀûÀΠȵο¡ ´ëÇÑ Å½±¸¸¦ À§ÇØ »ó´ë¹æ¿¡°Ô Áú¹®ÇÏ°í, À̸¦ ¹Ý¹ÚÇÏ¸ç °ËÁõÇØ ³ª°¡´Â ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½ºÀÇ ´ëȹý(Socratic Dialog)À» Ãæ½ÇÇÏ°Ô º¸¿©ÁÖ´Â ÀÛÇ°ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Å׸¶¿©Çà½Å¹® TTN Korea ¿µ¾î°íÀü(English Classics)°ú ÇÔ²² ¾îÁ¦µµ, ¿À´Ãµµ, ³»Àϵµ ¸ÚÁø ¹®Çп©ÇàÀ»! B
¢º ½º½Â ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º¸¦ À§ÇÑ Âù°¡, ÇöóÅæÀÇ ´ëÈÆí(Plato's Dialogues) : ºÎÀ¯ÇÑ ºÎ¸ð¸¦ µÐ ÇöóÅæÀº ´ç½Ã ¾ÆÅ׳׿¡¼ ¼±Ç³ÀûÀÎ Àα⸦ ²ø´ø ºñ±Ø °æ¿¬´ëȸ¿¡ Âü¼®Çϱâ À§ÇØ Á÷Á¢ ºñ±ØÀ» ÁýÇÊÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯´ø Áß µð¿À´Ï¼Ò½º ±ØÀå ¾Õ¿¡¼ ÀڽŸ¸ÀÇ ¹®´ä¹ýÀ¸·Î ¾ÆÅ×³× ½Ã¹Îµé¿¡°Ô ±ú´ÞÀ½À» Àü´ÞÇÏ´Â ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º¸¦ ¸¸³µ°í, À̴ û³â ÇöóÅæ¿¡°Ô Å« Ãæ°ÝÀ» ÁÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±Þ±â¾ß ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÛÇ°À» ¸ðµÎ ºÒÅ¿ö ¹ö¸° ÈÄ ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½ºÀÇ Á¦ÀÚ·Î ÀÔ¹®ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, Èʳ¯ ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º¸¦ ÁÖÀΰøÀ¸·Î ÇÏ´Â 30¿© ÆíÀÇ ¡®ÇöóÅæÀÇ ´ëÈÆí¡¯À» ÅëÇØ ½º½Â¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¸°æ½ÉÀ» Ç¥ÇöÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ±×ÀÇ Á¦ÀÚ ¾Æ¸®½ºÅäÅÚ·¹½º°¡ ½º½Â ÇöóÅæÀ» ºñÆÇÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀ» ´Ùµë¾î °£ °Í°ú´Â ´ëÁ¶µÇ´Â ´ë¸ñÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º°¡ ÇöóÅæÀ» ¸¸³ª±â Àü¿¡ ²Ù¾ú´Ù´Â ¡®¹éÁ¶ ²Þ¡¯ ÀÏȵµ À¯¸íÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â ¾î´À ³¯ ¹«¸¿¡ ¾ÉÇô ³õ¾Ò´ø ¹éÁ¶°¡ °©ÀÚ°¡ Çϴ÷Π³¯¾Æ°¡ ¹ö¸®´Â ²ÞÀ» ²Ù¾ú´Âµ¥¡¦¡¦. ÇöóÅæÀ» ¸¸³ªÀÚ ³î¶ó¿òÀ» ±ÝÄ¡ ¸øÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ´Ï, ÀÚ³×°¡ ¹Ù·Î ±× ¹éÁ¶·Î±º!!
¢º And yet, added Socrates, if a man being strong desired to be strong, or being swift desired to be swift, or being healthy desired to be healthy, in that case he might be thought to desire something which he already has or is. I give the example in order that we may avoid misconception. For the possessors of these qualities, Agathon, must be supposed to have their respective advantages at the time, whether they choose or not; and who can desire that which he has? Therefore, when a person says, I am well and wish to be well, or I am rich and wish to be rich, and I desire simply to have what I have?to him we shall reply: 'You, my friend, having wealth and health and strength, want to have the continuance of them; for at this moment, whether you choose or no, you have them. And when you say, I desire that which I have and nothing else, is not your meaning that you want to have what you now have in the future?' He must agree with us?must he not?
¢¹ ±×·¯³ª ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º´Â °ÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ °ÇÑ °ÍÀ» ¿øÇϰųª, ºü¸¥ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ºü¸¥ »ç¶÷ÀÌ µÇ´Â °ÍÀ» ¿øÇϰųª, °Ç°ÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ °Ç°ÇØÁö±â¸¦ ¿øÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì, ÀÌ¹Ì °¡Áö°í Àְųª ÇöÀç ÀÖ´Â ¾î¶² °ÍÀ» ¿øÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í µ¡ºÙ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ÀÇظ¦ ÇÇÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¿¹¸¦ µé¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀÚÁúÀÇ ¼ÒÀ¯ÀÚÀÎ ¾Æ°¡ÅæÀº ±×µéÀÌ ¼±ÅÃÇÏµç ¿øÇÏÁö ¾Êµç ´ç½Ã¿¡ °¢°¢ÀÇ ÀÌÁ¡À» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù°í °¡Á¤ÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×°¡ °¡Áø °ÍÀ» ´©°¡ ¿øÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ú½À´Ï±î? ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ¾î¶² »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¸»Çϱ⸦ ³ª´Â °Ç°Çϸç ÀߵDZ⸦ ¿øÇϰųª ¶Ç´Â ³ª´Â ºÎÀÚÀε¥ ºÎÀÚ°¡ µÇ°íÀÚ ÇÏ¸ç ´ÜÁö ³»°¡ °¡Áø °ÍÀ» °®°íÀÚ ÇÒ ¶§ ¿ì¸®´Â ±×¿¡°Ô ÀÌ·¸°Ô ´ë´äÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. °Ç°°ú ÈûÀº ±×°ÍµéÀÌ Áö¼ÓµÇ±â¸¦ ¿øÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Áö±Ý ÀÌ ¼ø°£, ´ç½ÅÀÌ ¼±ÅÃÇÏµç ¾Æ´Ïµç, ´ç½ÅÀº ±×°ÍµéÀ» °¡Áö°í Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®°í ´ç½ÅÀÌ ³»°¡ °¡Áø °ÍÀ» ¿øÇÏ°í ´Ù¸¥ °ÍÀº ¿øÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù°í ¸»ÇÒ ¶§, ´ç½ÅÀÌ Áö±Ý °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ» ¹Ì·¡¿¡ °®°í ½Í´Ù´Â ¶æÀÌ ¾Æ´Õ´Ï±î?' ±×´Â ¿ì¸®¿Í µ¿ÀÇÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¸Áö ¾Ê½À´Ï±î?
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¢º 14°¡Áö Å°¿öµå·Î Àд ÇöóÅæ(Plato, BC427?~BC347?)
01. ¡°¼¾ç öÇÐÀº ¸ðµÎ ÇöóÅæÀÇ °¢ÁÖ¿¡ ºÒ°úÇÏ´Ù.¡±(¡°It consists of a series of footnotes to Plato.)¡± ft. ¾ËÇÁ·¹µå ³ë½º ÈÀÌÆ®Çìµå(Alfred North Whitehead, 1861~1947)
02. ÇöóÅæÁÖÀÇ(Platonism)ÀÇ Ã¢½ÃÀÚ
03. ¼¾ç ÃÖÃÊ °íµî ±³À° ±â°ü(The first institution of higher learning in the Western world) ¾ÆÄ«µ¥¸ÞÀ̾Æ(Akad?mei?) ¼³¸³ÀÚ
04. ÇöóÅæÀÇ ´ëÈÆí(Plato's Dialogues)
05. ±¹°¡·Ð(The Republic, BC375)
06. ´Üµ· 20¹Ì³ª(Twenty Minas)¿¡ ³ë¿¹·Î Æȸ° ´ëÇÐÀÚ
07. ¹ÙÆ¼Ä ¶óÆÄ¿¤·Î(Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino)ÀÇ ¾ÆÅ×³× Çдç(Scuola di Atene, 1511)
08. öÇÐÀÚ ÇöóÅæÀÇ »ç¶û?! ÇöóÅä´Ð ·¯ºê(Platonic Love)
09. Á¤´Ù¸éü(ïáÒýØüô÷, Platonic Solid)
10. ÇöóÅæÀÇ Åμö¿°(Plato's Beard)
11. ÇöóÅæÀÇ ¹®Á¦(Plato's Problem) VS ¿ÀÀ£ÀÇ ¹®Á¦(Orwell¡¯s Problem)
12. ±×¸®½º ½ºÄ«ÀÌ TV(Skai TV) À§´ëÇÑ ±×¸®½ºÀÎ 100ÀÎ(100 Greatest Greeks)(2009) 9À§
13. ¿Àµð¿ÀºÏ(Audio Books)À¸·Î µè´Â ÇöóÅæ(Plato)
14. ÇöóÅæ(Plato) ¾î·Ï(Quotes)(199)
¢º ÇöóÅæÀÇ Ç⿬(½ÉÆ÷Áö¾ö)(Symposium by Plato)
Introduction.
¢¹ Symposium
¢º ºÎ·Ï(Appendix). ¼¼°èÀÇ °íÀüÀ» ¿©ÇàÇÏ´Â È÷Ä¡ÇÏÀÌÄ¿¸¦ À§ÇÑ ¾È³»¼(The Hitchhiker's Guide to Worlds's Classics)
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