¢º "Theaetetus, my friend, can you tell us what knowledge is?"("³ªÀÇ Ä£±¸ Å×¾ÆÀÌÅ×Å佺, Áö½ÄÀÌ ¹«¾ùÀÎÁö ¸»ÇØ ÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï±î?") : ÇöóÅæÀÇ Å×¾ÆÀÌÅ×Å佺(Theaetetus by Plato)´Â ÇöóÅæ(Plato, BC427?~BC347?)ÀÇ Èı⠴ëÈÆí(Plato's Late Dialogues)¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏ´Â ÀÛÇ°À¸·Î ±×ÀÇ ½º½Â ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º(Socrates, BC470?~BC399)¿Í ±×¸®½º ¼öÇÐÀÚ Å×¾ÆÀÌÅ×Å佺(Theaetetus, BC417~BC369)¿Í Å׿Àµµ·Î½º(Theodorus, BC465~BC398)°¡ Áö½ÄÀÇ Á¤ÀÇ¿Í Áö½ÄÀÇ º»Áú¿¡ ´ëÇØ Å½±¸ÇÑ ½Éµµ ±íÀº ´ëÈ·ÏÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Å׸¶¿©Çà½Å¹® TTN Korea ¿µ¾î°íÀü(English Classics)°ú ÇÔ²² ¾îÁ¦µµ, ¿À´Ãµµ, ³»Àϵµ ¸ÚÁø ¹®Çп©ÇàÀ»! B
¢º "Knowledge is not perception, but is a power or capacity of the soul to know the truth."("Áö½ÄÀº Áö°¢ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Áø¸®¸¦ ¾Æ´Â ¿µÈ¥ÀÇ ´É·Â ¶Ç´Â ´É·ÂÀÔ´Ï´Ù.") : Å×¾ÆÀÌÅ×Å佺´Â Å׿Àµµ·Î½º¿¡°Ô Áö½ÄÀÇ Á¤ÀÇ¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¹¯½À´Ï´Ù. Å׿Àµµ·Î½º´Â Áö½ÄÀÌ °ð Áö°¢À̶ó°í À̾߱âÇÏÁö¸¸, ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º´Â ÀÌ Á¤ÀÇ¿¡ ÀÌÀǸ¦ Á¦±âÇÏ°í ÀνÄÀº ±â¸¸ÀûÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î ½Å·ÚÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Áö½ÄÀÇ ¿øõÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó°í ¹Ý¹ÚÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â Áö½ÄÀÌ °èÁ¤°ú ÇÔ²²ÇÏ´Â ÁøÁ¤ÇÑ ÀÇ°ßÀ̶ó´Â ÀڽŸ¸ÀÇ Á¤ÀǸ¦ Á¦¾ÈÇϴµ¥, ÀÌ´Â Áö½ÄÀÌ Áø½ÇÇÏ°í Á¤´çÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀǹÌÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌÈÄ ±×µéÀº Áö½ÄÀÇ Á¤ÀǸ¦ Å×½ºÆ®Çϱâ À§ÇØ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¿¹¿Í À¯Ã߸¦ Ž±¸ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º´Â Å×¾ÆÀÌÅ×Å佺¿¡°Ô ¾Ë·ÁÁ³Áö¸¸ ¼³¸íÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â °ÍÀÇ ¿¹¸¦ Á¦½ÃÇ϶ó°í ±ÇÇÏ°í, Å×¾ÆÀÌÅ×Å佺´Â ±×°¡ Æĸ®°¡ ¹«¾ùÀÎÁö ¾Ë°í ÀÖÁö¸¸, ±×°ÍÀ» ¸»·Î ¼³¸íÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù°í ´äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸, ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º´Â Å×¾ÆÀÌÅ×Å佺°¡ Æĸ®¸¦ ¼³¸íÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù¸é Æĸ®°¡ ¹«¾ùÀÎÁö Á¤¸»·Î ¾ËÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù°í ÁöÀûÇÏÁö¿ä!!
¢º "I am not so absurd, Socrates, as to suppose that I can compare notes with Protagoras."("¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º¿©, ³ª´Â ³»°¡ ÇÁ·ÎŸ°í¶ó½º¿Í ³ëÆ®¸¦ ºñ±³ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÒ Á¤µµ·Î ¾î¸®¼®Áö ¾Ê¼Ò.") :¡¡±×µéÀº ÀνÄÀÇ º»Áú°ú "Å×¾ÆÀÌÅ×Å佺ÀÇ Æĸ®"(Theaetetus fly)¿¡ ´ëÇÑ À¯¸íÇÑ Åä·ÐÀ» ½ÃÀÛÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º´Â ÀνÄÀÌ ¹Ð¶øÀ¸·Î ¾ÐÂøµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °Í°ú ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î ÀÎ»ó¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¼ºÇüµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¹Ð¶ø ÆÇ°ú °°´Ù°í ¼³¸íÇϸ鼵µ, ÀνÄÀÌ Ç×»ó Á¤È®ÇÑ °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï¸ç ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¿äÀο¡ ÀÇÇØ ¿Ö°îµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±× ´ëÈ´Â Áö½ÄÀÇ ¹®Á¦¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸íÈ®ÇÑ ÇØ°áÃ¥ ¾øÀÌ ³¡³ª°Ô µÇ°í, Çؼ®ÀÇ ¿©Áö¸¦ ³²±â°Ô µË´Ï´Ù. ¾î¶² ÇÐÀÚµéÀº Å×¾ÆÀÌÅ×Å佺(Theaetetus by Plato)ÀÇ ±Ã±ØÀûÀÎ ¿äÁ¡Àº Áö½ÄÀÌ ¾î¶² ÇϳªÀÇ Á¤ÀÇ·Î Á¤Àǵǰųª Æ÷ÂøµÉ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, º¹ÀâÇÏ°í ´Ù¸éÀûÀÎ Çö»óÀ¸·Î ÀÌÇصǾî¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ̶ó°í ¼³¸íÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ȤÀÚ´Â Å×¾ÆÀÌÅ×Å佺(Theaetetus by Plato)°¡ ¾ð¾î¿Í ³í¸®¸¸À» ÅëÇØ ¼¼»óÀ» ÀÌÇØÇÏ·Á´Â ½Ãµµ¿¡¼ Àΰ£ À̼ºÀÇ ÇÑ°è¿Í º»ÁúÀûÀÎ °áÇÔÀ» ºñÆÇÇϱâ À§ÇØ ´ëȸ¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
¢º "Man is the measure of all things, of things that are that they are, and of things that are not that they are not."("»ç¶÷Àº ¸ðµç °ÍÀÇ Ã´µµÀÌ´Ï ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÇ Ã´µµ¿ä ¾ø´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ °ÍÀÇ Ã´µµ´Ï¶ó.") : Å×¾ÆÀÌÅ×Å佺(Theaetetus by Plato)´Â Áö½ÄÀÇ º»Áú°ú ¿ì¸® ÁÖº¯ÀÇ ¼¼°è¸¦ ÀÌÇØÇÏ´Â ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ´É·Â¿¡ ´ëÇØ Áß¿äÇÑ Áú¹®À» Á¦±âÇÏ´Â µµÀüÀûÀÌ°í »ý°¢À» ºÒ·¯ÀÏÀ¸Å°´Â ´ëÈ·ÏÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Å×¾ÆÀÌÅ×Å佺(Theaetetus by Plato)´Â °á·ÐÀÌ ¸íÈ®ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº °á¸»¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ÇϳªÀÇ ±Ù¿øÀûÀΠȵο¡ ´ëÇÑ Å½±¸¸¦ À§ÇØ »ó´ë¹æ¿¡°Ô Áú¹®ÇÏ°í, À̸¦ ¹Ý¹ÚÇÏ¸ç °ËÁõÇØ ³ª°¡´Â ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½ºÀÇ ´ëȹý(Socratic Dialog)À» Ãæ½ÇÇÏ°Ô º¸¿©ÁÖ´Â ÀÛÇ°ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
¢º ½º½Â ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º¸¦ À§ÇÑ Âù°¡, ÇöóÅæÀÇ ´ëÈÆí(Plato's Dialogues) : ºÎÀ¯ÇÑ ºÎ¸ð¸¦ µÐ ÇöóÅæÀº ´ç½Ã ¾ÆÅ׳׿¡¼ ¼±Ç³ÀûÀÎ Àα⸦ ²ø´ø ºñ±Ø °æ¿¬´ëȸ¿¡ Âü¼®Çϱâ À§ÇØ Á÷Á¢ ºñ±ØÀ» ÁýÇÊÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯´ø Áß µð¿À´Ï¼Ò½º ±ØÀå ¾Õ¿¡¼ ÀڽŸ¸ÀÇ ¹®´ä¹ýÀ¸·Î ¾ÆÅ×³× ½Ã¹Îµé¿¡°Ô ±ú´ÞÀ½À» Àü´ÞÇÏ´Â ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º¸¦ ¸¸³µ°í, À̴ û³â ÇöóÅæ¿¡°Ô Å« Ãæ°ÝÀ» ÁÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±Þ±â¾ß ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÛÇ°À» ¸ðµÎ ºÒÅ¿ö ¹ö¸° ÈÄ ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½ºÀÇ Á¦ÀÚ·Î ÀÔ¹®ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, Èʳ¯ ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º¸¦ ÁÖÀΰøÀ¸·Î ÇÏ´Â 30¿© ÆíÀÇ ¡®ÇöóÅæÀÇ ´ëÈÆí¡¯À» ÅëÇØ ½º½Â¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¸°æ½ÉÀ» Ç¥ÇöÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ±×ÀÇ Á¦ÀÚ ¾Æ¸®½ºÅäÅÚ·¹½º°¡ ½º½Â ÇöóÅæÀ» ºñÆÇÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀ» ´Ùµë¾î °£ °Í°ú´Â ´ëÁ¶µÇ´Â ´ë¸ñÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º°¡ ÇöóÅæÀ» ¸¸³ª±â Àü¿¡ ²Ù¾ú´Ù´Â ¡®¹éÁ¶ ²Þ¡¯ ÀÏȵµ À¯¸íÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â ¾î´À ³¯ ¹«¸¿¡ ¾ÉÇô ³õ¾Ò´ø ¹éÁ¶°¡ °©ÀÚ°¡ Çϴ÷Π³¯¾Æ°¡ ¹ö¸®´Â ²ÞÀ» ²Ù¾ú´Âµ¥¡¦¡¦. ÇöóÅæÀ» ¸¸³ªÀÚ ³î¶ó¿òÀ» ±ÝÄ¡ ¸øÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ´Ï, ÀÚ³×°¡ ¹Ù·Î ±× ¹éÁ¶·Î±º!!
¢º SOCRATES: Herein lies the difficulty which I can never solve to my satisfaction?What is knowledge? Can we answer that question? What say you? which of us will speak first? whoever misses shall sit down, as at a game of ball, and shall be donkey, as the boys say; he who lasts out his competitors in the game without missing, shall be our king, and shall have the right of putting to us any questions which he pleases...Why is there no reply? I hope, Theodorus, that I am not betrayed into rudeness by my love of conversation? I only want to make us talk and be friendly and sociable.
¢¹ ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º: ¿©±â¿¡ ³»°¡ °áÄÚ ¸¸Á·ÇÒ ¸¸Å ÇØ°áÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â ¾î·Á¿òÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Áö½ÄÀ̶õ ¹«¾ùÀԴϱî? ±× Áú¹®¿¡ ´äÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï±î? ´ç½ÅÀº ¹«¾ùÀ» ¸»Çմϱî? ¿ì¸® Áß ´©°¡ ¸ÕÀú ¸»ÇÒ±î¿ä? ³õÄ£ »ç¶÷Àº °øÀ» Ä¡´Â °Íó·³ ¾É°í ¼Ò³âµéÀÌ ¸»ÇÏ´Â °Íó·³ ´ç³ª±Í°¡ µÉ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. °ÔÀÓ¿¡¼ ±×ÀÇ °æÀïÀÚµéÀ» ³õÄ¡Áö ¾Ê°í ¹öƼ´Â ±×°¡ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¿ÕÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀÌ¸ç ±×°¡ ¿øÇÏ´Â Áú¹®À» ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ÇÒ ±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù... ¿Ö ´ë´äÀÌ ¾ø½À´Ï±î? Å׿Àµµ·Î½º, ³»°¡ ´ëȸ¦ ÁÁ¾ÆÇؼ ¹«·ÊÇÏ°Ô ±¼Áö ¾Ê±â¸¦ ¹Ù¶ø´Ï´Ù. ³ª´Â ´ÜÁö ¿ì¸®°¡ ¸»ÇÏ°í Ä£ÀýÇÏ°í »ç±³ÀûÀ̱⸦ ¿øÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
¢º SOCRATES: Well, my art of midwifery is in most respects like theirs; but differs, in that I attend men and not women; and look after their souls when they are in labour, and not after their bodies: and the triumph of my art is in thoroughly examining whether the thought which the mind of the young man brings forth is a false idol or a noble and true birth. And like the midwives, I am barren, and the reproach which is often made against me, that I ask questions of others and have not the wit to answer them myself, is very just?the reason is, that the god compels me to be a midwife, but does not allow me to bring forth.
¢¹ ¼ÒÅ©¶óÅ×½º: À½, Á¦ »êÆÄ ±â¼úÀº ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ¸é¿¡¼ ±×µé°ú ºñ½ÁÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ³ª´Â ¿©¼ºÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ³²¼º¿¡°Ô Âü¼®ÇÑ´Ù´Â Á¡¿¡¼ ´Ù¸¨´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®°í ³ëµ¿À» ÇÒ ¶§ ±×µéÀÇ ¿µÈ¥À» µ¹º¸°í ±×µéÀÇ À°Ã¼¸¦ µ¹º¸Áö ¸¶½Ê½Ã¿À. ±×¸®°í ³» ¿¹¼úÀÇ ½Â¸®´Â ÀþÀºÀÌÀÇ ¸¶À½ÀÌ ³º´Â »ý°¢ÀÌ °ÅÁþµÈ ¿ì»óÀÎÁö ¾Æ´Ï¸é °í±ÍÇÏ°í ÂüµÈ Ãâ»ýÀÎÁö öÀúÈ÷ Á¶»çÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®°í »êÆĵéó·³ ³ª´Â ºÒÀÓÀ̸ç, ³»°¡ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô Áú¹®À» ÇÏ°í ½º½º·Î ´ë´äÇÒ ÀçÄ¡°¡ ¾ø´Ù´Â °Í¿¡ ´ëÇØ Á¾Á¾ ³ª¿¡°Ô °¡ÇØÁö´Â ºñ³Àº ¸Å¿ì Á¤´çÇÕ´Ï´Ù. »êÆÄ°¡ µÇ¾úÀ¸³ª ³»°¡ ³º´Â °ÍÀ» Çã¶ôÇÏÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÏ´Â µµ´Ù.
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¢º 14°¡Áö Å°¿öµå·Î Àд ÇöóÅæ(Plato, BC427?~BC347?)
01. ¡°¼¾ç öÇÐÀº ¸ðµÎ ÇöóÅæÀÇ °¢ÁÖ¿¡ ºÒ°úÇÏ´Ù.¡±(¡°It consists of a series of footnotes to Plato.)¡± ft. ¾ËÇÁ·¹µå ³ë½º ÈÀÌÆ®Çìµå(Alfred North Whitehead, 1861~1947)
02. ÇöóÅæÁÖÀÇ(Platonism)ÀÇ Ã¢½ÃÀÚ
03. ¼¾ç ÃÖÃÊ °íµî ±³À° ±â°ü(The first institution of higher learning in the Western world) ¾ÆÄ«µ¥¸ÞÀ̾Æ(Akad?mei?) ¼³¸³ÀÚ
04. ÇöóÅæÀÇ ´ëÈÆí(Plato's Dialogues)
05. ±¹°¡·Ð(The Republic, BC375)
06. ´Üµ· 20¹Ì³ª(Twenty Minas)¿¡ ³ë¿¹·Î Æȸ° ´ëÇÐÀÚ
07. ¹ÙÆ¼Ä ¶óÆÄ¿¤·Î(Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino)ÀÇ ¾ÆÅ×³× Çдç(Scuola di Atene, 1511)
08. öÇÐÀÚ ÇöóÅæÀÇ »ç¶û?! ÇöóÅä´Ð ·¯ºê(Platonic Love)
09. Á¤´Ù¸éü(ïáÒýØüô÷, Platonic Solid)
10. ÇöóÅæÀÇ Åμö¿°(Plato's Beard)
11. ÇöóÅæÀÇ ¹®Á¦(Plato's Problem) VS ¿ÀÀ£ÀÇ ¹®Á¦(Orwell¡¯s Problem)
12. ±×¸®½º ½ºÄ«ÀÌ TV(Skai TV) À§´ëÇÑ ±×¸®½ºÀÎ 100ÀÎ(100 Greatest Greeks)(2009) 9À§
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14. ÇöóÅæ(Plato) ¾î·Ï(Quotes)(199)
¢º ÇöóÅæÀÇ Å×¾ÆÀÌÅ×Å佺(Theaetetus by Plato)
Introduction and Analysis.
¢¹ Theaetetus
¢º ºÎ·Ï(Appendix). ¼¼°èÀÇ °íÀüÀ» ¿©ÇàÇÏ´Â È÷Ä¡ÇÏÀÌÄ¿¸¦ À§ÇÑ ¾È³»¼(The Hitchhiker's Guide to Worlds's Classics)
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