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The Brass Check: A Study of American Journalism is a book published in 1919 that contains Upton Sinclair's critique of American journalism.
Sinclair argues that the American press is not a free and independent press, but a tool of the rich and powerful. He cites numerous examples of how newspapers were bought and sold by corporate interests and how newspapers were used to promote those interests.
Sinclair also exposes the widespread practice of "yellow journalism", in which newspapers sensationalize stories and use misleading headlines to sell newspapers. He argues that yellow journalism is a form of propaganda used to manipulate public opinion.
Brass Check was a groundbreaking work that exposed the dark side of American journalism. It had a profound impact on the development of the field of media criticism and continues to be read and cited today.
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Summary
The main contents are as follows
* Most of the American newspapers are owned by a small number of wealthy individuals and corporations.
* These owners use the newspaper to advance their own interests, often at the expense of the public interest.
* The Associated Press wire service is controlled by a small group of newspapers, often representing the interests of those newspapers.
* Yellow journalism is a widespread practice in the American media and is used to manipulate public opinion.
CONTENTS
PART I. THE EVIDENCE
I. The Story of the Brass Check
II. The Story of a Poet
III. Open Sesame!
IV. The Real Fight
V. The Condemned Meat Industry
VI. An Adventure with Roosevelt
VII. Jackals and a Carcase
VIII. The Last Act
IX. Aiming at the Public¡¯s Heart
X. A Voice from Russia
XI. A Venture in Co-operation
XII. The Village Horse-Doctor
XIII. In High Society
XIV. The Great Panic
XV. Shredded Wheat Biscuit
XVI. An Interview on Marriage
XVII. ¡°Gaming¡± on the Sabbath
XVIII. An Essential Monogamist
XIX. In the Lion¡¯s Den
XX. The Story of a Lynching
XXI. Journalism and Burglary
XXII. A Millionaire and an Author
XXIII. The ¡°Heart-Wife¡±
XXIV. The Mourning Pickets
XXV. The Case of the Associated Press
XXVI.A Governor and His Lie
XXVII. The Associated Press at the Bar
XXVIII. The Associated Press and Its Newspapers
XXIX. The Scandal-Bureau
XXX. The Concrete Wall
XXXI. Making Bomb-Makers
XXXII. The Roof-Garden of the World
XXXIII.A Fountain of Poison
XXXIV. The Daily Cat-and-Dog Fight
PART II. THE EXPLANATION
XXXV. The Causes of Things
XXXVI. The Empire of Business
XXXVII. The Dregs of the Cup
XXXVIII. Owning the Press
XXXIX. The War-Makers
XL. Owning the Owners
XLI. The Owner in Politics
XLII. Owning the Associated Press
XLIII. The Owner and His Advertisers
XLIV. The Advertising Boycott
XLV. The Advertising Ecstasy
XLVI. The Bribe Direct
XLVII. The Bribe Wholesale
XLVIII. Poison Ivy
XLIX. The Elbert Hubbard Worm
L. The Press and Public Welfare
LI. The Press and the Radicals
LII. The Press and the Socialists
LIII. The Press and Sex
LIV. The Press and Crime
LV. The Press and Jack London
LVI. The Press and Labor
LVII. The Associated Press and Labor
LVIII.¡°Poisoned at the Source¡±
LIX. The Press and the War
LX. The Case of Russia
LXI. ¡°Bolshevism¡± in America
PART III. THE REMEDY
LXII. Cutting the Tiger¡¯s Claws
LXIII. The Mental Munition-Factory
LXIV. The Problem of the Reporter
LXV. The Press Set Free
LXVI. A Frame-up That Fell Down
Conclusion