<영어로 읽는 고전 _ 워싱턴 어빙의 아스토리아_기업이야기>
'아스토리아'는 워싱턴 어빙이 쓴 역사적인 작품이다. 이 책은 1836년에 출판되었으며 19세기 초 태평양 북서부에 교역소를 설립하려는 American Fur Company의 시도의 경험을 바탕으로 쓰여졌다. 이 책은 모피 상인, 탐험가, 모험가들이 로키산맥 너머 황야로 모험을 떠날 때 직면했던 어려움 등으로 구성되어 있다.
이 작품은 미국 국경에 대한 상세하고 종종 낭만적인 묘사뿐만 아니라 유럽계 미국인 모피 무역상과 그 지역의 아메리카 원주민 부족 간의 상호 작용을 묘사한 것으로 유명하다.


'Astoria' is a historical work written by Washington Irving. This book was published in 1836 and was written based on the experiences of the American Fur Company's attempt to establish a trading post in the Pacific Northwest in the early 19th century. This book consists of the difficulties fur traders, explorers, and adventurers faced as they ventured into the wilderness beyond the Rocky Mountains.
The work is notable for its detailed and often romanticized depiction of the American frontier, as well as the interaction between European-American fur traders and Native American tribes in the area.

요약
책은 세 부분으로 나누어져 있다. 첫 번째 부분은 탐험을 계획하고 준비하는 이야기를 담고 있다. 두 번째 부분은 뉴욕시에서 아스토리아까지의 탐험 여정을 자세히 설명하고, 세 번째 부분은 원정대가 Astoria에서 보낸 시간과 최종 포기에 대한 이야기를 들려준다.
어빙의 책은 미국 개척지와 그곳에 살았던 아메리카 원주민에 대한 생생한 묘사로 가득 차 있다. 또한 태평양 북서부 지역의 모피 무역 초기에 대한 흥미로운 정보도 제공해 준다.

Summary
The book is divided into three parts. The first part tells the story of planning and preparing for the expedition. The second part details the expedition's journey from New York City to Astoria, and the third part tells the story of the expedition's time in Astoria and its eventual abandonment.
Irving's books are full of vivid descriptions of the American frontier and the Native Americans who lived there. It also provides interesting information about the early days of the fur trade in the Pacific Northwest.

CONTENTS

AUTHOR’S INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER I. Objects of American Enterprise.
CHAPTER II. Rise of the Mackinaw Company.
CHAPTER III. Fur Trade in the Pacific?American Coasting Voyages?Russian Enterprises.?Discovery of the Columbia River.
CHAPTER IV. Two Expeditions Set on Foot.
CHAPTER V. Sailing of the Tonquin.
CHAPTER VI. Owyhee.?Sandwich Islanders?Their Nautical Talents.? Tamaahmaah.?His Navy.?His Negotiations.
CHAPTER VII. Departure From the Sandwich Islands.
CHAPTER VIII. Mouth of the Columbia.?The Native Tribes.
CHAPTER IX. Point George?Founding of Astoria?Indian Visitors.
CHAPTER X. Disquieting Rumors From the Interior.
CHAPTER XI. Alarm at Astoria.?Rumor of Indian Hostilities.
CHAPTER XII. Gloom at Astoria?An Ingenious Stratagem.
CHAPTER XIII. Expedition by Land.
CHAPTER XIV. St. Louis.?Its Situation.
CHAPTER XV. Opposition of the Missouri Fur Company.
CHAPTER XVI. Return of Spring.?Appearance of Snakes.
CHAPTER XVII. Rumors of Danger From the Sioux Tetons.
CHAPTER XVIII. Camp Gossip.?Deserters.
CHAPTER XIX. The Great Bend of the Missouri
CHAPTER XX. Features of the Wilderness?Herds of Buffalo.
CHAPTER XXI. An Indian Horse Fair.
CHAPTER XXII. Wilderness of the Far West.
CHAPTER XXIII. Summer Weather of the Prairies.
CHAPTER XXIV. New Distribution of Horses?Secret Information of Treason in the Camp.
CHAPTER XXV. Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.
CHAPTER XXVI. The Black Mountains.?Haunts of Predatory Indians.
CHAPTER XXVII. Indian Trail.?Rough Mountain Travelling.
CHAPTER XXVIII. Region of the Crow Indians?Scouts on the Lookout
CHAPTER XXIX. Mountain Glens.?Wandering Band of Savages
CHAPTER XXX. A Plentiful Hunting Camp.-Shoshonie Hunters?Hoback’s River
CHAPTER XXXI. A Consultation Whether to Proceed by Land or Water?
CHAPTER XXXII. Scanty Fare.
CHAPTER XXXIII. Gloomy Council.?Exploring Parties?Discouraging Reports
CHAPTER XXXIV. Determination of the Party to Proceed on Foot.
CHAPTER XXXV. An Unexpected Meeting.
CHAPTER XXXVI. Mr. Hunt Overtakes the Advance Party.
CHAPTER XXXVII. Departure From Snake River?Mountains to the North.
CHAPTER XXXVIII. The Village of Wish-ram.
CHAPTER XXXIX. Scanty Fare During the Winter.
CHAPTER XL. Natives in the Neighborhood of Astoria?Their Persons and Characteristics.
CHAPTER XLI. Spring Arrangements at Astoria.?Various Expeditions Set Out.
CHAPTER XLII. Comprehensive Views.?To Supply the Russian Fur Establishment.
CHAPTER XLIII. Active Operations at Astoria?Various Expeditions Fitted Out.
CHAPTER XLIV. Route of Mr. Stuart?Dreary Wilds.
CHAPTER XLV. The Snake River Deserts.
CHAPTER XLVI. Travellers Unhorsed
CHAPTER XLVII. Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.
CHAPTER XLVIII. Spanish River Scenery.
CHAPTER XLIX. Wintry Storms.
CHAPTER L. Rough Wintry Travelling?Hills and Plains.
CHAPTER LI. Agreement Between Mr. Astor and the Russian Fur Company?
CHAPTER LII. Banks of the Wallah-Wallah.
CHAPTER LIII. Departure of Mr. Hunt in the Beaver
CHAPTER LIV. The Partners Displeased With M’Dougal.
CHAPTER LV. Anxieties of Mr. Astor.
CHAPTER LVI. Affairs of State at Astoria.
CHAPTER LVII. Voyage of the Beaver to New Archangel.
CHAPTER LVIII. Arrangements Among the Partners?
CHAPTER LIX. Arrival of M’Tavish at Astoria.
CHAPTER LX. Arrival of a Strange Sail.
CHAPTER LXI. Arrival of the Brig Pedler at Astoria.

APPENDIX
Draught of a Petition to Congress, sent by Mr. Astor in 1812.
AN ACT to enable the American Fur Company,
Letter from Mr. Gallatin to Mr. Astor
Notices of the Present State of the Fur Trade,
Height of the Rocky Mountains.