¢º °íÀü °æÁ¦ÇÐ(ͯîðÌèðùÊ, classical economics)ÀÇ ¿Ï°áº»! : Á¤Ä¡°æÁ¦ÇÐ ¿ø¸® 1848(Principles of Political Economy by John Stuart Mill)Àº 19¼¼±â ¿µ±¹ öÇÐÀÚ Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð(John Stuart Mill, 1806~1873)ÀÌ 1844³â ÃÖÃÊ·Î ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ Á¤Ä¡°æÁ¦ÇÐ ³í¹®(a treatise on political economics)ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¢¹ ¾Ö´ý ½º¹Ì½º(Adam Smith, 1723~1790)ÀÇ ±¹ºÎÀÇ º»Áú°ú ¿øÀο¡ °üÇÑ ¿¬±¸(ÏÐÝ£ÀÇ Üâòõ°ú ê«ì׿¡ μÇÑ æÚϼ, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations), ÀÏ¸í ±¹ºÎ·Ð(ÏÐÝ£Öå, The Wealth of Nations, 1776)À» ½ÃÀÛÀ¸·Î ¹ßÈÇϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇÑ °íÀü °æÁ¦ÇÐ(ͯîðÌèðùÊ, classical economics)Àº ¡®°æÁ¦»ç»ó»ç ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ±Ù´ë °æÁ¦ À̷С¯ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¢¹ Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹ÐÀÇ Á¤Ä¡°æÁ¦ÇÐ ¿ø¸®(Principles of Political Economy, 1848)´Â 1919³â±îÁö ¿µ±¹ ¿Á½ºÆÛµå ´ëÇб³ ±³Àç·Î È°¿ëµÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, 42³â ÈÄ ¾ÙÇÁ¸®µå ¸¶¼È(Alfred Marshall, 1842~1924)ÀÌ ÃÑ 6±Ç 2Ã¥À¸·Î ÁýÇÊÇÑ °æÁ¦Çпø·Ð(Principles of Economics, 1890)ÀÌ Ãâ°£µÇ±â±îÁö 19¼¼±â´Â ¹°·Ð 20¼¼±â ÃʱîÁö ³Î¸® ÀÐÈ÷´Â °æÁ¦ ¹× Á¤Ä¡°æÁ¦ÇÐ ±³°ú¼(one of the most important economics or political economy textbooks)·Î »ç¶û¹Þ¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. ¢¹ 1871³â 7ÆÇÀ» ºñ·ÔÇØ ¹ÐÀÌ »ç¸ÁÇϱâ Àü±îÁö ²÷ÀÓ¾øÀÌ °³Á¤ÇÏ¿´À» Á¤µµ·Î ¾ÖÂøÀ» °¡Áø Ã¥À¸·Î ºñ±³ ¿ìÀ§¿¡ ±â¹ÝÀ» µÐ ±¹°¡ °£ ¹«¿ª ½Ã½ºÅÛ(nations tended to benefit more in a system of trade based on comparative advantage)À» ºñ·ÔÇØ Çö½Ç ¼¼°èÀÇ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³¸íÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Å׸¶¿©Çà½Å¹® TTN Korea ¿µ¾î°íÀü(English Classics) 1,999¼±°ú ÇÔ²² ¾îÁ¦µµ, ¿À´Ãµµ, ³»Àϵµ ¸ÚÁø ¹®Çп©ÇàÀ»!
¢º Chapter I. Of The Requisites Of Production. ¡×1. The Requisites of Production are Two: Labor, and Appropriate Natural Objects. There is a third requisite of production, capital. Since the limitation to only two requisites applies solely to a primitive condition of existence, so soon as the element of time enters into production, then a store of capital becomes necessary; that is, so soon as production requires such a term that during the operation the laborer can not at the same time provide himself with subsistence, then capital is a requisite of production. This takes place also under any general division of labor in a community. When one man is making a pin-head, he must be supplied with food by some person until the pins are finished and exchanged. ¢¹ Á¦1Àå »ý»ê¿ä°Ç. ¡×1. »ý»êÀÇ Çʼö Á¶°ÇÀº ³ëµ¿°ú ÀûÀýÇÑ ÀÚ¿¬¹° µÎ °¡ÁöÀÔ´Ï´Ù. »ý»êÀÇ ¼¼ ¹ø° ÇÊ¿äÁ¶°ÇÀÎ ÀÚº»ÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ´Ü µÎ °¡Áö ÇʼöÇ°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¦ÇÑÀº ¿ø½ÃÀû Á¸Àç Á¶°Ç¿¡¸¸ Àû¿ëµÇ¹Ç·Î ½Ã°£ ¿ä¼Ò°¡ »ý»ê¿¡ µé¾î°¡ÀÚ¸¶ÀÚ ÀÚº» ÀúÀåÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ°Ô µË´Ï´Ù. Áï, »ý»êÀÌ ÀÛ¾÷ Áß¿¡ ³ëµ¿ÀÚ°¡ µ¿½Ã¿¡ »ý°è¸¦ Á¦°øÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â ±â°£À» ¿ä±¸ÇÏ°Ô µÇ¸é, ÀÚº»Àº »ý»êÀÇ Çʼö¿ä¼Ò°¡ µË´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ´Â °øµ¿Ã¼ÀÇ ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ³ëµ¿ ºÐ¾÷¿¡¼µµ ¹ß»ýÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ÇÉ ¸Ó¸®¸¦ ¸¸µé ¶§, ÇÉÀÌ ¿Ï¼ºµÇ¾î ±³È¯µÉ ¶§±îÁö ´©±º°¡·ÎºÎÅÍ À½½ÄÀ» °ø±Þ¹Þ¾Æ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
¢º ¡×2. The Second Requisite of Production, Labor. It is now our purpose to describe the second requisite of production, labor, and point out that it can be either direct or indirect. This division and subdivision can be seen from the classification given below. Under the head of indirect labor are to be arranged all the many employments subsidiary to the production of any one article, and which, as they furnish but a small part of labor for the one article (e.g., bread), are subsidiary to the production of a vast number of other articles; and hence we see the interdependence of one employment on another, which comes out so conspicuously at the time of a commercial depression. ¢¹ ¡×2. »ý»êÀÇ µÎ ¹ø° ÇÊ¿äÁ¶°ÇÀÎ ³ëµ¿. ÀÌÁ¦ »ý»êÀÇ µÎ ¹ø° ÇʼöÁ¶°ÇÀÎ ³ëµ¿À» ¼³¸íÇÏ°í ±×°ÍÀÌ Á÷Á¢ÀûÀ̰ųª °£Á¢ÀûÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖÀ½À» ÁöÀûÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ±¸ºÐ°ú ¼¼ºÐÀº ¾Æ·¡ ºÐ·ù¿¡¼ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. °£Á¢ ³ëµ¿ÀÇ ¼öÀå ¾Æ·¡¿¡´Â ÇÑ Ç°¸ñÀÇ »ý»ê¿¡ ºÎÂ÷ÀûÀÎ ¸¹Àº °í¿ëÀÌ ¸ðµÎ ¹èÄ¡µÇ¾î¾ß Çϸç, ÀÌ´Â ÇÑ Ç°¸ñ(¿¹: »§)¿¡ ´ëÇØ ³ëµ¿ÀÇ ÀÛÀº ºÎºÐ¸¸À» Á¦°øÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ »ý»ê¿¡ º¸Á¶ÀûÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¼ö¸¹Àº ´Ù¸¥ ±â»ç Áß; µû¶ó¼ ¿ì¸®´Â ÇÑ °í¿ëÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ °í¿ë¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »óÈ£ÀÇÁ¸¼ºÀ» º¸°Ô µÇ´Âµ¥, ÀÌ´Â »ó¾÷ ºÒȲÀÇ ½Ã±â¿¡ ¸Å¿ì ´«¿¡ ¶ç°Ô ³ªÅ¸³³´Ï´Ù.
¢º ¡×3. Of Capital as a Requisite of Production. But another set of laborers are to be placed in distinct contrast with these, so far as the grounds on which they receive their remuneration is concerned. These are the men engaged previously in providing the subsistence, and articles by which the former classes of labor can carry on their operations. ¢¹ ¡×3. »ý»êÀÇ Çʼö¿ä¼ÒÀÎ ÀÚº». ±×·¯³ª ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ Á¾·ùÀÇ Àϲ۵éÀº ±×µéÀÌ º¸¼ö¸¦ ¹Þ´Â ±Ù°Å¿¡ °üÇÑ ÇÑ À̵é°ú ¶Ñ·ÇÇÑ ´ëÁ¶¸¦ ÀÌ·ì´Ï´Ù. À̵éÀº ÀÌÀü¿¡ »ý°è¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â µ¥ Á¾»çÇß´ø »ç¶÷µéÀ̸ç, ÀÌÀü ³ëµ¿ °è±ÞÀÌ È°µ¿À» ¼öÇàÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¹°Ç°À» ¸»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
¢º The possession of capital is thus a third requisite of production, together with land and labor, as noted above. Henry George (¡°Progress and Poverty,¡± chap. iv) holds an opposite opinion: ¡°The subsistence of the laborers who built the Pyramids was drawn, not from a previously hoarded stock¡± (does he not forget the story of Joseph's store of corn?), ¡°but from the constantly recurring crops of the Nile Valley.¡± ¢¹ ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ÀÚº»ÀÇ ¼ÒÀ¯´Â À§¿¡¼ ¾ð±ÞÇÑ ¹Ù¿Í °°ÀÌ ÅäÁö, ³ëµ¿°ú ÇÔ²² »ý»êÀÇ Á¦3ÀÇ Çʼö¿ä°ÇÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Ç Á¶Áö(¡°Áøº¸¿Í ºó°ï¡±, 4Àå)´Â ¹Ý´ë ÀÇ°ßÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¡°ÇǶó¹Ìµå¸¦ °Ç¼³ÇÑ ³ëµ¿ÀÚµéÀÇ »ý°è´Â ÀÌÀü¿¡ ºñÃàÇØ µÐ Àç°í¿¡¼ ³ª¿Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó¡±(±×´Â Á¶¼ÁÀÇ ¿Á¼ö¼ö ÀúÀå°í À̾߱⸦ ÀØÁö ¾Ê¾Ò½À´Ï±î?), ¡°±×·¯³ª ³ªÀÏ °è°î¿¡¼ ²÷ÀÓ¾øÀÌ ¹Ýº¹µÇ´Â ³óÀÛ¹°¿¡¼ ³ª¿Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.¡±
-¸ñÂ÷(Index)-
¢º ÇÁ·Ñ·Î±×(Prologue). Å׸¶¿©Çà½Å¹® TTN Korea ¿µ¾î°íÀü(English Classics) 1,999¼±À» Àоî¾ß ÇÏ´Â 7°¡Áö ÀÌÀ¯
¢º 14°¡Áö Å°¿öµå·Î Àд Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð(John Stuart Mill, 1806~1873)
01. Çö´ë ÀÚÀ¯ÁÖÀÇ(Modern liberalism)¿Í ¸®¹ö·² Æä¹Ì´ÏÁò(Liberal feminism)À» ³ë·¡ÇÑ ¿µ±¹ öÇÐÀÚ(English Philosopher)
02. ³í¸®ÇРü°è(A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive, 1843)
03. Á¤Ä¡°æÁ¦ÇÐ ¿ø¸®(Principles of Political Economy, 1848)
04. ÀÚÀ¯·Ð(On Liberty, 1859)
05. °ø¸®ÁÖÀÇ(Utilitarianism, 1861)
06. ´ëÀÇÁ¤ºÎ·Ð(Considerations on Representative Government, 1861)
07. ¿©¼ºÀÇ Á¾¼Ó(The Subjection of Women, 1869)
08. Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹ÐÀÇ Á÷Á¢ ¾´ ÀÚ¼Àü(The Autobiography of John Stuart Mill, 1873)
09. Á¾±³¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©(Three Essays on Religion, 1874)
10. »çȸÁÖÀÇ·Ð(Socialism, 1879)
11. Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð ¼±Áý(Collected Works of John Stuart Mill, 1963)
12. Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð¸¦ ¸¸³¯ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Àå¼Ò TOP20(20 Places to meet John Stuart Mill)
13. ¿Àµð¿ÀºÏÀ¸·Î µè´Â Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð(Audio Books of John Stuart Mill)
14. Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð ¾î·Ï 115¼±(115 Quotes of John Stuart Mill)
¢º ¿µ¾î°íÀü1,147 Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹ÐÀÇ Á¤Ä¡°æÁ¦ÇÐ ¿ø¸® Á¦1±Ç 1848(English Classics1,147 Principles of Political Economy by John Stuart Mill)
Preface.
¢¹ Introductory
A Sketch Of The History Of Political Economy.
Books For Consultation(From English, French, And German Authors).
Preliminary Remarks.
¢º Book I. Production.
¢¹ Chapter I. Of The Requisites Of Production.
¡×1. The requisites of production.
¡×2. The Second Requisite of Production, Labor.
¡×3. Of Capital as a Requisite of Production.
¢¹ Chapter II. Of Unproductive Labor.
¡×1. Definition of Productive and Unproductive Labor.
¡×2. Productive and Unproductive Consumption.
¡×3. Distinction Between Labor for the Supply of Productive Consumption and Labor for the Supply of Unproductive Consumption.
¢¹ Chapter III. Of Capital.
¡×1. Capital is Wealth Appropriated to Reproductive Employment.
¡×2. More Capital Devoted to Production than Actually Employed in it.
¡×3. Examination of Cases Illustrative of the Idea of Capital.
¢¹ Chapter IV. Fundamental Propositions Respecting Capital.
¡×1. Industry is Limited by Capital.
¡×2. Increase of Capital gives Increased Employment to Labor, Without Assignable Bounds.
¡×3. Capital is the result of Saving, and all Capital is Consumed.
¡×4. Capital is kept up by Perpetual Reproduction, as shown by the Recovery of Countries from Devastation.
¡×5. Effects of Defraying Government Expenditure by Loans.
¡×6. Demand for Commodities is not Demand for Labor.
¢¹ Chapter V. On Circulating And Fixed Capital.
¡×1. Fixed and Circulating Capital.
¡×2. Increase of Fixed Capital, when, at the Expense of Circulating, might be Detrimental to the Laborers.
¡×3. ?This seldom, if ever, occurs.
¢¹ Chapter VI. Of Causes Affecting The Efficiency Of Production.
¡×1. General Causes of Superior Productiveness.
¡×2. Combination and Division of Labor Increase Productiveness.
¡×3. Advantages of Division of Labor.
¡×4. Production on a Large and Production on a Small Scale.
¢¹ Chapter VII. Of The Law Of The Increase Of Labor.
¡×1. The Law of the Increase of Production Depends on those of Three Elements?Labor. Capital, and Land.
¡×2. The Law of Population.
¡×3. By what Checks the Increase of Population is Practically Limited.
¢¹ Chapter VIII. Of The Law Of The Increase Of Capital.
¡×1. Means for Saving in the Surplus above Necessaries.
¡×2. Motive for Saving in the Surplus above Necessaries.
¡×3. Examples of Deficiency in the Strength of this Desire.
¡×4. Examples of Excess of this Desire.
¢¹ Chapter IX. Of The Law Of The Increase Of Production From Land.
¡×1. The Law of Production from the Soil, a Law of Diminishing Return in Proportion to the Increased Application of Labor and Capital.
¡×2. Antagonist Principle to the Law of Diminishing Return; the Progress of Improvements in Production.
¡×3. ?In Railways.
¡×4. ?In Manufactures.
¡×5. Law Holds True of Mining.
¢¹ Chapter X. Consequences Of The Foregoing Laws.
¡×1. Remedies for Weakness of the Principle of Accumulation.
¡×2. Even where the Desire to Accumulate is Strong, Population must be Kept within the Limits of Population from Land.
¡×3. Necessity of Restraining Population not superseded by Free Trade in Food.
¡×4. ?Nor by Emigration.
¢¹ Appendix I. Bibliographies.
A Brief Bibliography Of The Tariffs Of The United States.
A Brief Bibliography Of Bimetallism.
A Brief Bibliography Of American Shipping.
¢¹ Appendix II. Examination Questions.
Advertisements.
Charts.
Footnotes
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