¢º °íÀü °æÁ¦ÇÐ(ͯîðÌèðùÊ, classical economics)ÀÇ ¿Ï°áº»! : Á¤Ä¡°æÁ¦ÇÐ ¿ø¸® 1848(Principles of Political Economy by John Stuart Mill)Àº 19¼¼±â ¿µ±¹ öÇÐÀÚ Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð(John Stuart Mill, 1806~1873)ÀÌ 1844³â ÃÖÃÊ·Î ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ Á¤Ä¡°æÁ¦ÇÐ ³í¹®(a treatise on political economics)ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¢¹ ¾Ö´ý ½º¹Ì½º(Adam Smith, 1723~1790)ÀÇ ±¹ºÎÀÇ º»Áú°ú ¿øÀο¡ °üÇÑ ¿¬±¸(ÏÐÝ£ÀÇ Üâòõ°ú ê«ì׿¡ μÇÑ æÚϼ, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations), ÀÏ¸í ±¹ºÎ·Ð(ÏÐÝ£Öå, The Wealth of Nations, 1776)À» ½ÃÀÛÀ¸·Î ¹ßÈÇϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇÑ °íÀü °æÁ¦ÇÐ(ͯîðÌèðùÊ, classical economics)Àº ¡®°æÁ¦»ç»ó»ç ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ±Ù´ë °æÁ¦ À̷С¯ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¢¹ Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹ÐÀÇ Á¤Ä¡°æÁ¦ÇÐ ¿ø¸®(Principles of Political Economy, 1848)´Â 1919³â±îÁö ¿µ±¹ ¿Á½ºÆÛµå ´ëÇб³ ±³Àç·Î È°¿ëµÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, 42³â ÈÄ ¾ÙÇÁ¸®µå ¸¶¼È(Alfred Marshall, 1842~1924)ÀÌ ÃÑ 6±Ç 2Ã¥À¸·Î ÁýÇÊÇÑ °æÁ¦Çпø·Ð(Principles of Economics, 1890)ÀÌ Ãâ°£µÇ±â±îÁö 19¼¼±â´Â ¹°·Ð 20¼¼±â ÃʱîÁö ³Î¸® ÀÐÈ÷´Â °æÁ¦ ¹× Á¤Ä¡°æÁ¦ÇÐ ±³°ú¼(one of the most important economics or political economy textbooks)·Î »ç¶û¹Þ¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. ¢¹ 1871³â 7ÆÇÀ» ºñ·ÔÇØ ¹ÐÀÌ »ç¸ÁÇϱâ Àü±îÁö ²÷ÀÓ¾øÀÌ °³Á¤ÇÏ¿´À» Á¤µµ·Î ¾ÖÂøÀ» °¡Áø Ã¥À¸·Î ºñ±³ ¿ìÀ§¿¡ ±â¹ÝÀ» µÐ ±¹°¡ °£ ¹«¿ª ½Ã½ºÅÛ(nations tended to benefit more in a system of trade based on comparative advantage)À» ºñ·ÔÇØ Çö½Ç ¼¼°èÀÇ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³¸íÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Å׸¶¿©Çà½Å¹® TTN Korea ¿µ¾î°íÀü(English Classics) 1,999¼±°ú ÇÔ²² ¾îÁ¦µµ, ¿À´Ãµµ, ³»Àϵµ ¸ÚÁø ¹®Çп©ÇàÀ»!
¢º Chapter I. Of Property. ¡× 1. Individual Property and its opponents. The laws and conditions of the Production of Wealth partake of the character of physical truths. There is nothing optional or arbitrary in them. It is not so with the Distribution of Wealth. That is a matter of human institution solely. The things once there, mankind, individually or collectively, can do with them as they like. They can place them at the disposal of whomsoever they please, and on whatever terms. ¢¹ Á¦1Àå Àç»ê. ¡× 1. °³ÀÎ Àç»ê°ú ±× ¹Ý´ëÀÚ. ºÎ »ý»êÀÇ ¹ýÄ¢°ú Á¶°ÇÀº ¹°¸®Àû Áø¸®ÀÇ ¼º°ÝÀ» °¡Áý´Ï´Ù. ±× ¾È¿¡´Â ¼±ÅûçÇ×À̳ª ÀÓÀÇÀûÀÎ °ÍÀÌ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ºÎÀÇ ºÐ¹è´Â ±×·¸Áö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ¿À·ÎÁö Àΰ£ Á¦µµÀÇ ¹®Á¦ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÏ´Ü °Å±â¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍµéÀº Àηù°¡ °³ÀÎÀûÀ¸·Îµç Áý´ÜÀûÀ¸·Îµç ¿øÇÏ´Â ´ë·Î ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×µéÀº ¿øÇÏ´Â ´©±¸¿¡°Ô³ª ¾î¶² Á¶°ÇÀ¸·Îµç À̸¦ óºÐÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
¢º The Distribution of Wealth depends on the laws and customs of society. The rules by which it is determined are what the opinions and feelings of the ruling portion of the community make them, and are very different in different ages and countries; and might be still more different, if mankind so chose. We have here to consider, not the causes, but the consequences, of the rules according to which wealth may be distributed. Those, at least, are as little arbitrary, and have as much the character of physical laws, as the laws of production. ¢¹ ºÎÀÇ ºÐ¹è´Â »çȸÀÇ ¹ý·ü°ú °ü½À¿¡ µû¶ó ´Þ¶óÁý´Ï´Ù. À̸¦ °áÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ±ÔÄ¢Àº °øµ¿Ã¼ Áö¹èÃþÀÇ ÀÇ°ß°ú °¨Á¤¿¡ µû¶ó °áÁ¤µÇ¸ç, ½Ã´ë¿Í ±¹°¡¿¡ µû¶ó ¸Å¿ì ´Ù¸¨´Ï´Ù. Àηù°¡ ±×·¸°Ô ¼±ÅÃÇß´Ù¸é ÈξÀ ´õ ´Ù¸¦ ¼öµµ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿©±â¼ ¿ì¸®´Â ºÎ°¡ ºÐ¹èµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±ÔÄ¢ÀÇ ¿øÀÎÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó °á°ú¸¦ °í·ÁÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Àû¾îµµ ±×°ÍµéÀº ÀÚÀÇÀûÀÌÁö ¾Ê°í »ý»ê ¹ýÄ¢¸¸ÅÀ̳ª ¹°¸®Àû ¹ýÄ¢ÀÇ ¼º°ÝÀ» °®°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
¢º ¡×2. The case for Communism against private property presented. The objection ordinarily made to a system of community of property and equal distribution of the produce, that each person would be incessantly occupied in evading his fair share of the work, points, undoubtedly, to a real difficulty. But those who urge this objection forget to how great an extent the same difficulty exists under the system on which nine tenths of the business of society is now conducted. ¢¹ ¡×2. »çÀ¯ Àç»ê¿¡ ¹Ý´ëÇÏ´Â °ø»êÁÖÀÇ »ç·Ê°¡ Á¦½ÃµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î Àç»ê °øµ¿Ã¼¿Í »ý»ê¹°ÀÇ ÆòµîÇÑ ºÐ¹è ü°è¿¡ ´ëÇØ Á¦±âµÇ´Â ¹Ý´ë, Áï °¢ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Á¤´çÇÑ ³ëµ¿ ¸òÀ» ȸÇÇÇÏ´Â µ¥ ²÷ÀÓ¾øÀÌ ¸ôµÎÇÑ´Ù´Â ¹Ý´ë´Â ÀǽÉÇÒ ¿©Áö¾øÀÌ ½ÇÁ¦ÀûÀÎ ¾î·Á¿òÀ» ÁöÀûÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹Ý´ë¸¦ ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀº ÇöÀç »çȸ»ç¾÷ÀÇ 9/10ÀÌ ¼öÇàµÇ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛ ÇÏ¿¡¼µµ µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ¾î·Á¿òÀÌ ¾ó¸¶³ª Å«Áö¸¦ ¸Á°¢ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
¢º And though the ¡°master's eye,¡± when the master is vigilant and intelligent, is of proverbial value, it must be remembered that, in a Socialist farm or manufactory, each laborer would be under the eye, not of one master, but of the whole community. If Communistic labor might be less vigorous than that of a peasant proprietor, or a workman laboring on his own account, it would probably be more energetic than that of a laborer for hire, who has no personal interest in the matter at all. ¢¹ ±×¸®°í ÁÖÀÎÀÌ °æ°èÇÏ°í ÃѸíÇÒ ¶§ÀÇ 'ÁÖÀÎÀÇ ´«'Àº ¼Ó´ãó·³ °¡Ä¡°¡ ÀÖÁö¸¸ »çȸÁÖÀÇ ³óÀåÀ̳ª Á¦Á¶¼Ò¿¡¼ °¢ ³ëµ¿ÀÚ´Â ÇÑ ÁÖÀÎÀÇ ´« ¾Æ·¡ ÀÖÁö ¾Ê°í ÁÖÀÎÀÇ ´« ¾Æ·¡ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ±â¾ïÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Àüü Ä¿¹Â´ÏƼ. ¸¸¾à °ø»êÁÖÀÇ ³ëµ¿ÀÌ ¼ÒÀÛ³óÀ̳ª Àڱ⠵·À¸·Î ÀÏÇÏ´Â ³ëµ¿ÀÚÀÇ ³ëµ¿º¸´Ù ´ú È°¹ßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù¸é, ±×°ÍÀº ¾Æ¸¶µµ ±× ¹®Á¦¿¡ ÀüÇô °³ÀÎÀûÀÎ °ü½ÉÀÌ ¾ø´Â °í¿ë ³ëµ¿ÀÚÀÇ ³ëµ¿º¸´Ù ´õ È°·ÂÀÌ ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
¢º ¡×6. Property in land different from property in Movables. It is next to be considered what is included in the idea of private property and by what considerations the application of the principle should be bounded. The institution of property, when limited to its essential elements, consists in the recognition, in each person, of a right to the exclusive disposal of what he or she have produced by their own exertions, or received either by gift or by fair agreement, without force or fraud, from those who produced it. ¢¹ ¡×6. µ¿»ê°ú ´Ù¸¥ ÅäÁö¿¡ ÀÖ´Â Àç»ê. »çÀ¯Àç»êÀÇ °³³ä¿¡ Æ÷ÇԵǴ °Í°ú ±× ¿øÄ¢ÀÇ Àû¿ëÀÌ ¾î¶² °í·Á¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Á¦ÇѵǾî¾ß ÇÏ´ÂÁö°¡ ´ÙÀ½À¸·Î °í·ÁµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Àç»êÀÇ ±â°üÀº ±× º»ÁúÀûÀÎ ¿ä¼Ò¿¡ ±¹ÇÑµÉ ¶§, ±× ¶Ç´Â ±×³à°¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ³ë·Â¿¡ ÀÇÇØ »ý»êÇÑ °ÍÀ» µ¶Á¡ÀûÀ¸·Î óºÐÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±Ç¸®¸¦ »ý»êÇÑ »ç¶÷µé·ÎºÎÅÍ °Á¦·ÂÀ̳ª »ç±â ¾øÀÌ Áõ¿© ¶Ç´Â °øÁ¤ÇÑ ÇÕÀÇ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¼ö·ÉÇÑ °ÍÀ» °¢ °³Àο¡°Ô ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ±¸¼ºµË´Ï´Ù.
-¸ñÂ÷(Index)-
¢º ÇÁ·Ñ·Î±×(Prologue). Å׸¶¿©Çà½Å¹® TTN Korea ¿µ¾î°íÀü(English Classics) 1,999¼±À» Àоî¾ß ÇÏ´Â 7°¡Áö ÀÌÀ¯
¢º 14°¡Áö Å°¿öµå·Î Àд Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð(John Stuart Mill, 1806~1873)
01. Çö´ë ÀÚÀ¯ÁÖÀÇ(Modern liberalism)¿Í ¸®¹ö·² Æä¹Ì´ÏÁò(Liberal feminism)À» ³ë·¡ÇÑ ¿µ±¹ öÇÐÀÚ(English Philosopher)
02. ³í¸®ÇРü°è(A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive, 1843)
03. Á¤Ä¡°æÁ¦ÇÐ ¿ø¸®(Principles of Political Economy, 1848)
04. ÀÚÀ¯·Ð(On Liberty, 1859)
05. °ø¸®ÁÖÀÇ(Utilitarianism, 1861)
06. ´ëÀÇÁ¤ºÎ·Ð(Considerations on Representative Government, 1861)
07. ¿©¼ºÀÇ Á¾¼Ó(The Subjection of Women, 1869)
08. Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹ÐÀÇ Á÷Á¢ ¾´ ÀÚ¼Àü(The Autobiography of John Stuart Mill, 1873)
09. Á¾±³¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©(Three Essays on Religion, 1874)
10. »çȸÁÖÀÇ·Ð(Socialism, 1879)
11. Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð ¼±Áý(Collected Works of John Stuart Mill, 1963)
12. Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð¸¦ ¸¸³¯ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Àå¼Ò TOP20(20 Places to meet John Stuart Mill)
13. ¿Àµð¿ÀºÏÀ¸·Î µè´Â Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð(Audio Books of John Stuart Mill)
14. Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð ¾î·Ï 115¼±(115 Quotes of John Stuart Mill)
¢º ¿µ¾î°íÀü1,148 Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹ÐÀÇ Á¤Ä¡°æÁ¦ÇÐ ¿ø¸® Á¦2±Ç 1848(English Classics1,148 Principles of Political Economy by John Stuart Mill)
Preface.
¢¹ Introductory
A Sketch Of The History Of Political Economy.
Books For Consultation(From English, French, And German Authors).
Preliminary Remarks.
¢º Book II. Distribution.
¢¹ Chapter I. Of Property.
¡×1. Individual Property and its opponents.
¡×2. The case for Communism against private property presented.
¡×3. The Socialists who appeal to state-help.
¡×4. Of various minor schemes, Communistic and Socialistic.
¡×5. The Socialist objections to the present order of Society examined.
¡×6. Property in land different from property in Movables.
¢¹ Chapter II. Of Wages.
¡×1. Of Competition and Custom.
¡×2. The Wages-fund, and the Objections to it Considered.
¡×3. Examination of some popular Opinions respecting Wages.
¡×4. Certain rare Circumstances excepted, High Wages imply Restraints on Population.
¡×5. Due Restriction of Population the only Safeguard of a Laboring-Class.
¢¹ Chapter III. Of Remedies For Low Wages.
¡×1. A Legal or Customary Minimum of Wages, with a Guarantee of Employment.
¡×2. ?Would Require as a Condition Legal Measures for Repression of Population.
¡×3. Allowances in Aid of Wages and the Standard of Living.
¡×4. Grounds for Expecting Improvement in Public Opinion on the Subject of Population.
¡×5. Twofold means of Elevating the Habits of the Laboring-People; by Education, and by Foreign and Home Colonization.
¢¹ Chapter IV. Of The Differences Of Wages In Different Employments.
¡×1. Differences of Wages Arising from Different Degrees of Attractiveness in Different Employments.
¡×2. Differences arising from Natural Monopolies.
¡×3. Effect on Wages of the Competition of Persons having other Means of Support.
¡×4. Wages of Women, why Lower than those of Men.
¡×5. Differences of Wages Arising from Laws, Combinations, or Customs.
¢¹ Chapter V. Of Profits.
¡×1. Profits include Interest and Risk; but, correctly speaking, do not include Wages of Superintendence.
¡×2. The Minimum of Profits; what produces Variations in the Amount of Profits.
¡×3. General Tendency of Profits to an Equality.
¡×4. The Cause of the Existence of any Profit; the Advances of Capitalists consist of Wages of Labor.
¡×5. The Rate of Profit depends on the Cost of Labor.
¢¹ Chapter VI. Of Rent.
¡×1. Rent the Effect of a Natural Monopoly.
¡×2. No Land can pay Rent except Land of such Quality or Situation as exists in less Quantity than the Demand.
¡×3. The Rent of Land is the Excess of its Return above the Return to the worst Land in Cultivation.
¡×4. ?Or to the Capital employed in the least advantageous Circumstances.
¡×5. Opposing Views of the Law of Rent.
¡×6. Rent does not enter into the Cost of Production of Agricultural Produce.
¢¹ Appendix I. Bibliographies.
A Brief Bibliography Of The Tariffs Of The United States.
A Brief Bibliography Of Bimetallism.
A Brief Bibliography Of American Shipping.
¢¹ Appendix II. Examination Questions.
Advertisements.
Charts.
Footnotes
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