¢º °íÀü °æÁ¦ÇÐ(ͯîðÌèðùÊ, classical economics)ÀÇ ¿Ï°áº»! : Á¤Ä¡°æÁ¦ÇÐ ¿ø¸® 1848(Principles of Political Economy by John Stuart Mill)Àº 19¼¼±â ¿µ±¹ öÇÐÀÚ Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð(John Stuart Mill, 1806~1873)ÀÌ 1844³â ÃÖÃÊ·Î ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ Á¤Ä¡°æÁ¦ÇÐ ³í¹®(a treatise on political economics)ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¢¹ ¾Ö´ý ½º¹Ì½º(Adam Smith, 1723~1790)ÀÇ ±¹ºÎÀÇ º»Áú°ú ¿øÀο¡ °üÇÑ ¿¬±¸(ÏÐÝ£ÀÇ Üâòõ°ú ê«ì׿¡ μÇÑ æÚϼ, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations), ÀÏ¸í ±¹ºÎ·Ð(ÏÐÝ£Öå, The Wealth of Nations, 1776)À» ½ÃÀÛÀ¸·Î ¹ßÈÇϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇÑ °íÀü °æÁ¦ÇÐ(ͯîðÌèðùÊ, classical economics)Àº ¡®°æÁ¦»ç»ó»ç ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ±Ù´ë °æÁ¦ À̷С¯ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¢¹ Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹ÐÀÇ Á¤Ä¡°æÁ¦ÇÐ ¿ø¸®(Principles of Political Economy, 1848)´Â 1919³â±îÁö ¿µ±¹ ¿Á½ºÆÛµå ´ëÇб³ ±³Àç·Î È°¿ëµÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, 42³â ÈÄ ¾ÙÇÁ¸®µå ¸¶¼È(Alfred Marshall, 1842~1924)ÀÌ ÃÑ 6±Ç 2Ã¥À¸·Î ÁýÇÊÇÑ °æÁ¦Çпø·Ð(Principles of Economics, 1890)ÀÌ Ãâ°£µÇ±â±îÁö 19¼¼±â´Â ¹°·Ð 20¼¼±â ÃʱîÁö ³Î¸® ÀÐÈ÷´Â °æÁ¦ ¹× Á¤Ä¡°æÁ¦ÇÐ ±³°ú¼(one of the most important economics or political economy textbooks)·Î »ç¶û¹Þ¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. ¢¹ 1871³â 7ÆÇÀ» ºñ·ÔÇØ ¹ÐÀÌ »ç¸ÁÇϱâ Àü±îÁö ²÷ÀÓ¾øÀÌ °³Á¤ÇÏ¿´À» Á¤µµ·Î ¾ÖÂøÀ» °¡Áø Ã¥À¸·Î ºñ±³ ¿ìÀ§¿¡ ±â¹ÝÀ» µÐ ±¹°¡ °£ ¹«¿ª ½Ã½ºÅÛ(nations tended to benefit more in a system of trade based on comparative advantage)À» ºñ·ÔÇØ Çö½Ç ¼¼°èÀÇ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³¸íÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Å׸¶¿©Çà½Å¹® TTN Korea ¿µ¾î°íÀü(English Classics) 1,999¼±°ú ÇÔ²² ¾îÁ¦µµ, ¿À´Ãµµ, ³»Àϵµ ¸ÚÁø ¹®Çп©ÇàÀ»!
¢º ¡×1. Tendency of the progress of society toward increased Command over the powers of Nature; increased Security, and increased Capacity of Co-Operation. In the leading countries of the world, and in all others as they come within the influence of those leading countries, there is at least one progressive movement which continues with little interruption from year to year and from generation to generation?a progress in wealth; an advancement in what is called material prosperity. All the nations which we are accustomed to call civilized increase gradually in production and in population: and there is no reason to doubt that not only these nations will for some time continue so to increase, but that most of the other nations of the world, including some not yet founded, will successively enter upon the same career. ¢¹ ¡×1. ÀÚ¿¬ÀÇ Èû¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÅëÁ¦·ÂÀÌ °ÈµÇ´Â ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î »çȸ°¡ Áøº¸ÇÏ´Â °æÇâ; º¸¾ÈÀÌ °ÈµÇ°í Çù·Â ¿ª·®ÀÌ °ÈµË´Ï´Ù. ¼¼°èÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä ±¹°¡¿Í ±× ÁÖ¿ä ±¹°¡ÀÇ ¿µÇâ±Ç ³»¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ´Ù¸¥ ¸ðµç ±¹°¡¿¡´Â Çظ¶´Ù, ¼¼´ë¿¡¼ °ÅÀÇ Áß´Ü ¾øÀÌ °è¼ÓµÇ´Â Àû¾îµµ ÇϳªÀÇ Áøº¸ÀûÀÎ ¿òÁ÷ÀÓÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Áï ºÎÀÇ Áøº¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¹°ÁúÀû ¹ø¿µÀ̶ó ºÒ¸®´Â °ÍÀÇ ¹ßÀü. ¿ì¸®°¡ ¹®¸íȵǾú´Ù°í ºÎ¸£´Â ¸ðµç ±¹°¡´Â »ý»ê°ú Àα¸°¡ Á¡ÁøÀûÀ¸·Î Áõ°¡ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®°í ÀÌ ±¹°¡µéÀÌ Çѵ¿¾È °è¼ÓÇؼ Áõ°¡ÇÒ °ÍÀ̶ó´Â Á¡»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¼¼°èÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ±¹°¡µéµµ ÀǽÉÇÒ ¿©Áö°¡ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ¾ÆÁ÷ ¼³¸³µÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ÀϺθ¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿© °è¼ÓÇؼ µ¿ÀÏÇÑ °æ·ÂÀ» ½×À» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
¢º ¡×2. Tendency to a Decline of the Value and Cost of Production of all Commodities. The changes which the progress of industry causes or presupposes in the circumstances of production are necessarily attended with changes in the values of commodities. The permanent values of all things which are neither under a natural nor under an artificial monopoly depend, as we have seen, on their cost of production. But the increasing power which mankind are constantly acquiring over nature increases more and more the efficiency of human exertion, or, in other words, diminishes cost of production. ¢¹ ¡×2. ¸ðµç »óÇ°ÀÇ »ý»ê °¡Ä¡¿Í ºñ¿ëÀÌ Ç϶ôÇÏ´Â °æÇâ. »ê¾÷ÀÇ ¹ßÀüÀÌ »ý»ê ȯ°æ¿¡¼ ¾ß±âÇϰųª ÀüÁ¦ÇÏ´Â º¯È´Â ÇÊ¿¬ÀûÀ¸·Î »óÇ° °¡Ä¡ÀÇ º¯È¸¦ ¼ö¹ÝÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÚ¿¬Àû µ¶Á¡µµ ÀÎÀ§Àû µ¶Á¡µµ ¾Æ´Ñ ¸ðµç °ÍÀÇ ¿µ±¸ÀûÀÎ °¡Ä¡´Â ¿ì¸®°¡ »ìÆ캻 ¹Ù¿Í °°ÀÌ »ý»êºñ¿¡ ´Þ·Á ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª Àηù°¡ ÀÚ¿¬¿¡ ´ëÇØ Áö¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î ȹµæÇÏ´Â ÈûÀÇ Áõ°¡´Â Àΰ£ È°µ¿ÀÇ È¿À²¼ºÀ» Á¡Á¡ ´õ Áõ°¡½Ãŵ´Ï´Ù. Áï, »ý»ê ºñ¿ëÀ» °¨¼Ò½Ãŵ´Ï´Ù.
¢º ¡×3. ?except the products of Agriculture and Mining, which have a tendency to Rise. Are no causes of an opposite character, brought into operation by the same progress, sufficient in some cases not only to neutralize but to overcome the former, and convert the descending movement of cost of production into an ascending movement? We are already aware that there are such causes, and that, in the case of the most important classes of commodities, food, and materials, there is a tendency diametrically opposite to that of which we have been speaking. The cost of production of these commodities tends to increase. ¢¹ ¡×3. - »ó½Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ³ó¾÷ ¹× ±¤¾÷ Á¦Ç° Á¦¿Ü. µ¿ÀÏÇÑ Áøº¸¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÀÛµ¿µÇ´Â ¹Ý´ë ¼º°ÝÀÇ ¿øÀÎÀº °æ¿ì¿¡ µû¶ó ÀüÀÚ¸¦ ¹«·ÂÈÇÒ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ±Øº¹ÇÏ°í »ý»êºñÀÇ Ç϶ô ¿òÁ÷ÀÓÀ» »ó½Â ¿òÁ÷ÀÓÀ¸·Î Àüȯ½ÃÅ°±â¿¡ ÃæºÐÇÏÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï±î? ¿ì¸®´Â ±×·¯ÇÑ ¿øÀÎÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °Í°ú °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ Á¾·ùÀÇ »óÇ°, ½ÄÇ°, Àç·áÀÇ °æ¿ì ¿ì¸®°¡ ¸»ÇÑ °Í°ú Á¤¹Ý´ëÀÇ °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀÌ¹Ì ¾Ë°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ »óÇ°ÀÇ »ý»ê ºñ¿ëÀº Áõ°¡ÇÏ´Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
¢º ¡×5. Effect of the Progress of Society in moderating fluctuations of Value. Thus far, of the effect of the progress of society on the permanent or average values and prices of commodities. It remains to be considered in what manner the same progress affects their fluctuations. Concerning the answer to this question there can be no doubt. It tends in a very high degree to diminish them. ¢¹ ¡×5. °¡Ä¡ º¯µ¿À» ¿ÏÈÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÀÖ¾î »çȸ ¹ßÀüÀÇ ¿µÇâ. Áö±Ý±îÁö´Â »çȸ ¹ßÀüÀÌ »óÇ°ÀÇ ¿µ±¸Àû ¶Ç´Â Æò±Õ °¡Ä¡¿Í °¡°Ý¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâ¿¡ ´ëÇØ »ìÆ캸¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ÁøÇàÀÌ º¯µ¿¿¡ ¾î¶² ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡´ÂÁö´Â ¿©ÀüÈ÷ °í·ÁµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ Áú¹®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´ä¿¡ ´ëÇؼ´Â ÀǽÉÀÇ ¿©Áö°¡ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ±×°ÍµéÀ» °¨¼Ò½ÃÅ°´Â °æÇâÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ³ô½À´Ï´Ù.
-¸ñÂ÷(Index)-
¢º ÇÁ·Ñ·Î±×(Prologue). Å׸¶¿©Çà½Å¹® TTN Korea ¿µ¾î°íÀü(English Classics) 1,999¼±À» Àоî¾ß ÇÏ´Â 7°¡Áö ÀÌÀ¯
¢º 14°¡Áö Å°¿öµå·Î Àд Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð(John Stuart Mill, 1806~1873)
01. Çö´ë ÀÚÀ¯ÁÖÀÇ(Modern liberalism)¿Í ¸®¹ö·² Æä¹Ì´ÏÁò(Liberal feminism)À» ³ë·¡ÇÑ ¿µ±¹ öÇÐÀÚ(English Philosopher)
02. ³í¸®ÇРü°è(A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive, 1843)
03. Á¤Ä¡°æÁ¦ÇÐ ¿ø¸®(Principles of Political Economy, 1848)
04. ÀÚÀ¯·Ð(On Liberty, 1859)
05. °ø¸®ÁÖÀÇ(Utilitarianism, 1861)
06. ´ëÀÇÁ¤ºÎ·Ð(Considerations on Representative Government, 1861)
07. ¿©¼ºÀÇ Á¾¼Ó(The Subjection of Women, 1869)
08. Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹ÐÀÇ Á÷Á¢ ¾´ ÀÚ¼Àü(The Autobiography of John Stuart Mill, 1873)
09. Á¾±³¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©(Three Essays on Religion, 1874)
10. »çȸÁÖÀÇ·Ð(Socialism, 1879)
11. Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð ¼±Áý(Collected Works of John Stuart Mill, 1963)
12. Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð¸¦ ¸¸³¯ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Àå¼Ò TOP20(20 Places to meet John Stuart Mill)
13. ¿Àµð¿ÀºÏÀ¸·Î µè´Â Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð(Audio Books of John Stuart Mill)
14. Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð ¾î·Ï 115¼±(115 Quotes of John Stuart Mill)
¢º ¿µ¾î°íÀü1,150 Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹ÐÀÇ Á¤Ä¡°æÁ¦ÇÐ ¿ø¸® Á¦4±Ç 1848(English Classics1,150 Principles of Political Economy by John Stuart Mill)
Preface.
¢¹ Introductory
A Sketch Of The History Of Political Economy.
Books For Consultation(From English, French, And German Authors).
Preliminary Remarks.
¢º Book IV. Influence Of The Progress Of Society On Production And Distribution.
¢¹ Chapter I. Influence Of The Progress Of Industry And Population On Values And Prices.
¡×1. Tendency of the progress of society toward increased Command over the powers of Nature; increased Security, and increased Capacity of Co-Operation.
¡×2. Tendency to a Decline of the Value and Cost of Production of all Commodities.
¡×3. ?except the products of Agriculture and Mining, which have a tendency to Rise.
¡×4. ?that tendency from time to time Counteracted by Improvements in Production.
¡×5. Effect of the Progress of Society in moderating fluctuations of Value.
¢¹ Chapter II. Influence Of The Progress Of Industry And Population On Rents, Profits, And Wages.
¡×1. Characteristic features of industrial Progress.
¡×2. First two cases, Population and Capital increasing, the arts of production stationary.
¡×3. The arts of production advancing, capital and population stationary.
¡×4. Theoretical results, if all three Elements progressive.
¡×5. Practical Results.
¢¹ Chapter III. Of The Tendency Of Profits To A Minimum.
¡×1. Different Theories as to the fall of Profits.
¡×2. What determines the minimum rate of Profit?
¡×3. In old and opulent countries, profits habitually near to the minimum.
¡×4. ?prevented from reaching it by commercial revulsions.
¡×5. ?by improvements in Production.
¡×6. ?by the importation of cheap Necessaries and Implements.
¡×7. ?by the emigration of Capital.
¢¹ Chapter IV. Consequences Of The Tendency Of Profits To A Minimum, And The Stationary State.
¡×1. Abstraction of Capital not necessarily a national loss.
¡×2. In opulent countries, the extension of machinery not detrimental but beneficial to Laborers.
¡×3. Stationary state of wealth and population dreaded by some writers, but not in itself undesirable.
¢¹ Chapter V. On The Possible Futurity Of The Laboring-Classes.
¡×1. The possibility of improvement while Laborers remain merely receivers of Wages.
¡×2.?through small holdings, by which the landlord's gain is shared.
¡×3. ?through co-operation, by which the manager's wages are shared.
¡×4. Distributive Co-operation.
¡×5. Productive Co-Operation.
¡×6. Industrial Partnership.
¡×7. People's Banks.
¢¹ Appendix I. Bibliographies.
A Brief Bibliography Of The Tariffs Of The United States.
A Brief Bibliography Of Bimetallism.
A Brief Bibliography Of American Shipping.
¢¹ Appendix II. Examination Questions.
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Charts.
Footnotes
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