¢º öÇÐÀÚ ¿À±Í½ºÆ® ÄáÆ®°¡ Á¾±³ â½ÃÀÚ¶ó±¸?! : ÇÁ¶û½ºÀÇ ½ÇÁõÁÖÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐ(Positivism) â½ÃÀÚ ¿À±Í½ºÆ® ÄáÆ®(Auguste Comte, 1798~1857)´Â ÀÌŸÁÖÀÇ, Áú¼, Áøº¸¶õ ¼¼ °¡Áö ¡®Á¾±³ÀÇ ±âµÕ¡¯À¸·Î½á Àηù±³(Religion of Humanity)¸¦ â½ÃÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. öÇÐÀûÀÎ ½ÇÇèÀ¸·Î½áÀÇ Ã¢½Ã¸¦ ³Ñ¾î¼, ÇÁ¶û½º¿Í ºê¶óÁú¿¡´Â ¿¹¹è´çÀÌ ¼³¸³µÉ Á¤µµ·Î Àα⸦ ²ø¾úÀ¸¸ç, À±¸®Àû ±³È¸¶õ ȵδ ´ç´ëÀÇ Á¾±³Àΰ迡 Áö´ëÇÑ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÃƽÀ´Ï´Ù. ¢¹ ¿À±Í½ºÆ® ÄáÆ®¿Í ½ÇÁõÁÖÀÇ 1865(Auguste Comte and Positivism by John Stuart Mill)´Â 19¼¼±â ¿µ±¹ öÇÐÀÚ Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð(John Stuart Mill, 1806~1873)ÀÇ ÀÛÇ°À¸·Î, ÇÁ¶û½º öÇÐÀÚÀÌÀÚ »çȸ°úÇÐÀÚÀÎ ¿À±Í½ºÆ® ÄáÆ®(Auguste Comte, 1798~1857)°¡ ¼³¸³ÇÑ Àηù±³(Religion of Humanity)¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±íÀº ¼ºÂû°ú °í³ú¸¦ ´ã°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¹ÐÀº ÀÛÇ°À» ÅëÇØ Àηù±³ÀÇ ±àÁ¤ÀûÀÎ Ãø¸é »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ºÎÁ¤ÀûÀÎ Ãø¸é±îÁö ÅëÇÕÀûÀ¸·Î ¾Æ¿ì¸£°í ÀÖ´Â ±ÕÇü°¨ÀÌ µ¸º¸ÀÌ°í, Á¤·®È¶ó´Â ¹æ½ÄÀ» ÅëÇØ °´°ü¼ºÀ» È®º¸ÇÏ°íÀÚ ³ë·ÂÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ¢¹ ¹ø¿ÜÀûÀ¸·Î ¹ÐÀº 1841³â 11¿ùÀ» ½ÃÀÛÀ¸·Î, ÄáÅ×¿Í ¿©·¯ Â÷·Ê ¼½ÅÀ» ÁÖ±³¹ÞÀ¸¸ç, ¼·ÎÀÇ Ã¶Çаú »ç»óÀ» ±³·ùÇÏ¿´´Ù³×¿ä. öÇÐÀڵ鰣ÀÇ ÆæÆÈÀ̶ó´Ï!! Å׸¶¿©Çà½Å¹® TTN Korea ¿µ¾î°íÀü(English Classics) 1,999¼±°ú ÇÔ²² ¾îÁ¦µµ, ¿À´Ãµµ, ³»Àϵµ ¸ÚÁø ¹®Çп©ÇàÀ»!
¢º The Theological, which is the original and spontaneous form of thought, regards the facts of the universe as governed not by invariable laws of sequence, but by single and direct volitions of beings, real or imaginary, possessed of life and intelligence. In the infantile state of reason and experience, individual objects are looked upon as animated. The next step is the conception of invisible beings, each of whom superintends and governs an entire class of objects or events. The last merges this multitude of divinities in a single God, who made the whole universe in the beginning, and guides and carries on its phaenomena by his continued action, or, as others think, only modifies them from time to time by special interferences. ¢¹ »ç°íÀÇ µ¶Ã¢ÀûÀÌ°í ÀÚ¹ßÀûÀÎ ÇüÅÂÀÎ ½ÅÇÐÀº ¿ìÁÖÀÇ »ç½ÇÀÌ ºÒº¯ÀÇ ¼ø¼ ¹ýÄ¢¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Áö¹èµÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ½ÇÁ¦µç »ó»óÀ̵ç, »ý¸í°ú Áö¼ºÀ» ¼ÒÀ¯ÇÑ Á¸ÀçµéÀÇ ´Üµ¶ÀûÀÌ°í Á÷Á¢ÀûÀÎ ÀÇÁö¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Áö¹èµÇ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î °£ÁÖÇÕ´Ï´Ù. À̼º°ú °æÇèÀÌ ÀÖ´Â À¯¾Æ±â »óÅ¿¡¼´Â °³º° »ç¹°ÀÌ ¾Ö´Ï¸ÞÀ̼ÇÀ¸·Î °£Áֵ˴ϴÙ. ´ÙÀ½ ´Ü°è´Â º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â Á¸Àç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °³³äÀ¸·Î, °¢ Á¸Àç´Â »ç¹°À̳ª »ç°Ç Àüü¸¦ °¨µ¶ÇÏ°í °ü¸®ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÈÄÀÚ´Â ÅÂÃÊ¿¡ ¿Â ¿ìÁÖ¸¦ ¸¸µå¼Ì°í °è¼ÓÀûÀÎ È°µ¿À¸·Î ¿ìÁÖÀÇ Çö»óÀ» ÀεµÇÏ°í ¼öÇàÇϽðųª, ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â °Íó·³ Ưº°ÇÑ °£¼·À» ÅëÇؼ¸¸ ¿ìÁÖ¸¦ ¶§¶§·Î ¼öÁ¤ÇϽô ÇÑ ºÐÀÇ ½Å ¾È¿¡ ÀÌ ¼ö¸¹Àº ½ÅµéÀ» ÅëÇÕÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
¢º How well it accords with the facts, and how vast a number of the greater historical phaenomena it explains, is known only to those who have studied its exposition, where alone it can be found?in these most striking and instructive volumes. As this theory is the key to M. Comte's other generalizations, all of which arc more or less dependent on it; as it forms the backbone, if we may so speak, of his philosophy, and, unless it be true, he has accomplished little; we cannot better employ part of our space than in clearing it from misconception, and giving the explanations necessary to remove the obstacles which prevent many competent persons from assenting to it. ¢¹ ±×°ÍÀÌ »ç½Ç°ú ¾ó¸¶³ª Àß ÀÏÄ¡ÇÏ´ÂÁö, ±×¸®°í ±×°ÍÀÌ ¼³¸íÇÏ´Â ´õ Å« ¿ª»çÀû Çö»óÀÌ ¾ó¸¶³ª ¹æ´ëÇÑÁö´Â ÀÌ °¡Àå ÀλóÀûÀÌ°í ±³ÈÆÀûÀΠå¿¡¼ ãÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¼³¸íÀ» ¿¬±¸ÇÑ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô¸¸ ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ÀÌ·ÐÀº ÄáÆ®(M. Comte)ÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ÀϹÝÈ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÇÙ½ÉÀ̹ǷÎ, ¸ðµÎ ¾î´À Á¤µµ ÀÌ À̷п¡ ÀÇÁ¸ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×°ÍÀÌ ±×ÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀÇ ÁßÃ߸¦ Çü¼ºÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡, ±×°ÍÀÌ »ç½ÇÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó¸é ±×´Â °ÅÀÇ ¼ºÃëÇÏÁö ¸øÇß½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â °ø°£ÀÇ ¿ÀÇظ¦ ¾ø¾Ö°í ¸¹Àº À¯´ÉÇÑ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ µ¿ÀÇÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¹æÇØÇÏ´Â Àå¾Ö¹°À» Á¦°ÅÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ¼³¸íÀ» Á¦°øÇÏ´Â °Íº¸´Ù °ø°£ÀÇ ÀϺθ¦ ´õ Àß »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.
¢º If the best classification is that which is grounded on the properties most important for our purposes, this classification will stand the test. By placing the sciences in the order of the complexity of their subject matter, it presents them in the order of their difficulty. Each science proposes to itself a more arduous inquiry than those which precede it in the series; it is therefore likely to be susceptible, even finally, of a less degree of perfection, and will certainly arrive later at the degree attainable by it. ¢¹ °¡Àå ÁÁÀº ºÐ·ù°¡ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¸ñÀû¿¡ °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ Æ¯¼º¿¡ ±âÃÊÇÑ ºÐ·ù¶ó¸é ÀÌ ºÐ·ù´Â Å×½ºÆ®¸¦ Åë°úÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. °úÇÐÀ» ÁÖÁ¦ÀÇ º¹À⼺ ¼ø¼¿¡ µû¶ó ¹èÄ¡ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ³À̵µ¿¡ µû¶ó °úÇÐÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÕ´Ï´Ù. °¢ °úÇÐÀº ÀÌÀü ½Ã¸®Á´Ù ´õ Èûµç Ž±¸¸¦ ½º½º·Î¿¡°Ô Á¦¾ÈÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ±×°ÍÀº ÃÖÁ¾ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ´ú ¿Ïº®ÇÑ Á¤µµ¿¡ Ãë¾àÇÒ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ³ôÀ¸¸ç ³ªÁß¿¡ È®½ÇÈ÷ µµ´ÞÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Á¤µµ¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÏ°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
¢º The proper meaning of philosophy we take to be, what the ancients understood by it?the scientific knowledge of Man, as an intellectual, moral, and social being. Since his intellectual faculties include his knowing faculty, the science of Man includes everything that man can know, so far as regards his mode of knowing it: in other words, the whole doctrine of the conditions of human knowledge. ¢¹ ¿ì¸®°¡ »ý°¢Çϴ öÇÐÀÇ ¿Ã¹Ù¸¥ Àǹ̴ °í´ëÀεéÀÌ Ã¶ÇÐÀ¸·Î ÀÌÇØÇÑ °Í, Áï ÁöÀû, µµ´öÀû, »çȸÀû Á¸ÀçÀÎ Àΰ£¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °úÇÐÀû Áö½ÄÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Àΰ£ÀÇ ÁöÀû ´É·Â¿¡´Â Áö½Ä ´É·ÂÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵǹǷÎ, Àΰ£ °úÇÐÀº Àΰ£ÀÇ ÀÎ½Ä ¹æ½Ä¿¡ °üÇÑ ÇÑ Àΰ£ÀÌ ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç °Í, Áï Àΰ£ Áö½ÄÀÇ Á¶°Ç¿¡ °üÇÑ Àüü ±³¸®¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
-¸ñÂ÷(Index)-
¢º ÇÁ·Ñ·Î±×(Prologue). Å׸¶¿©Çà½Å¹® TTN Korea ¿µ¾î°íÀü(English Classics) 1,999¼±À» Àоî¾ß ÇÏ´Â 7°¡Áö ÀÌÀ¯
¢º 14°¡Áö Å°¿öµå·Î Àд Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð(John Stuart Mill, 1806~1873)
01. Çö´ë ÀÚÀ¯ÁÖÀÇ(Modern liberalism)¿Í ¸®¹ö·² Æä¹Ì´ÏÁò(Liberal feminism)À» ³ë·¡ÇÑ ¿µ±¹ öÇÐÀÚ(English Philosopher)
02. ³í¸®ÇРü°è(A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive, 1843)
03. Á¤Ä¡°æÁ¦ÇÐ ¿ø¸®(Principles of Political Economy, 1848)
04. ÀÚÀ¯·Ð(On Liberty, 1859)
05. °ø¸®ÁÖÀÇ(Utilitarianism, 1861)
06. ´ëÀÇÁ¤ºÎ·Ð(Considerations on Representative Government, 1861)
07. ¿©¼ºÀÇ Á¾¼Ó(The Subjection of Women, 1869)
08. Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹ÐÀÇ Á÷Á¢ ¾´ ÀÚ¼Àü(The Autobiography of John Stuart Mill, 1873)
09. Á¾±³¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©(Three Essays on Religion, 1874)
10. »çȸÁÖÀÇ·Ð(Socialism, 1879)
11. Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð ¼±Áý(Collected Works of John Stuart Mill, 1963)
12. Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð¸¦ ¸¸³¯ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Àå¼Ò TOP20(20 Places to meet John Stuart Mill)
13. ¿Àµð¿ÀºÏÀ¸·Î µè´Â Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð(Audio Books of John Stuart Mill)
14. Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹Ð ¾î·Ï 115¼±(115 Quotes of John Stuart Mill)
¢º ¿µ¾î°íÀü1,156 Á¸ ½ºÆ©¾îÆ® ¹ÐÀÇ ¿À±Í½ºÆ® ÄáÆ®¿Í ½ÇÁõÁÖÀÇ 1865(English Classics1,156 Auguste Comte and Positivism by John Stuart Mill)
Part I. The Cours De Philosophie Positive.
Part II. The Later Speculations Of M. Comte.
Footnotes
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