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¸Ó¸®¸» / iii01 Introduction of Engineering 11.1 General 31.2 EPC Business ¼Ò°³ 31.2.1 Feasibility Study ´Ü°è 31.2.2 Execution ´Ü°è : EPC(¿£Áö´Ï¾î¸µ, Á¶´Þ, °Ç¼³) 41.2.3 O & M ´Ü°è 81.3 EPC Project Execution 81.3.1 Project Life Cycle 81.3.2 EPC Project Execution Organization 91.4 Introduction of Piping Engineering 111.4.1 EPC Typical Piping Engineering Organization(Support Engineer Group by Project Size) 111.4.2 EPC Piping Work »óÈ£ °ü°è 121.5 ¿£Áö´Ï¾î¸µ ±â¼úÀÇ Àü¸Á 131.5.1 ¿£Áö´Ï¾î¸µ »ê¾÷ÀÇ µ¿Çâ / Engineering Industry Trends 131.5.2 ¿£Áö´Ï¾î¸µ »ê¾÷ °ü·Ã ÁßÁ¡»çÇ× / Engineering Industry Key words 181.5.3 ¿£Áö´Ï¾î¸µ »ê¾÷¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °á·ÐÀû ÀÇ°ß 2802 Code & Standard¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÌÇØ¿Í ¿ª»ç 292.1 General 312.2 Code & Standard »ç¿ë 322.2.1 ÄÚµå(Code) 322.2.2 Ç¥ÁØ°ø¾÷±Ô°Ý ¹× ´ÜÀ§°è(Standard & Unit System) 322.2.3 Code & Standards°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯ 332.2.4 Project¿¡ Àû¿ëÇÏ´Â Engineering Rule System Á¤ÀÇ 332.3 ASME Code ¹ßÀü°ú ÇöÀç 332.3.1 ASME(American Society for Mechanical Engineers) Code Book ±¸¼º 342.3.2 Understanding of Pressure Piping B31 ±¸¼º 352.4 Future Direction of Code È°¿ë 372.4.1 Á¤¼ºÀû Æò°¡(Plant Layout Evaluation by Qualitative Evaluation) 382.4.2 Á¤·®Àû Æò°¡(Plant Layout Evaluation by Quantitative Evaluation) 382.4.3 Á¤·®Àû Çؼ® ALARP(As Low As Reasonably Practice) ÀÌÇØ 39¡¤ Example »ç·Ê ¿¬±¸ : Á¤·®Àû Æò°¡(Plant Layout Evaluation by Quantitative Evaluation) 42»ç·Ê 1. Ethylene Tank PSV¿ë Tank Flare ¼³Ä¡ ¿©ºÎ °ËÅä 42»ç·Ê 2. Guide for Hazard Analysis Àû¿ë »ç·Ê 4303 Piping Design Role & Responsibility 453.1 General 473.1.1 Process Ethylene Plant Àü°æ 473.2 Piping Engineering & Design ¼Ò°³ 473.2.1 Piping EngineeringÀÇ Á߿伺 473.2.2 Piping Work Flow »óÈ£ °ü°è 483.2.3 Piping Basic Design ÀÌÇØ 483.2.4 Detail Design 553.3 ¹è°ü ¿£Áö´Ï¾îÀÇ ¿ªÇÒ°ú Ã¥ÀÓ(Role and Responsibility) 573.3.1 General 573.3.2 Piping EngineerÀÇ ¿ªÇÒ°ú Ã¥ÀÓ 573.4 Piping Design Input & Output Control 663.5 Piping Groupº° Work Activity 673.5.1 Piping Leader Engineering 673.5.2 Piping Design Group 693.5.3 Piping Material Engineering 693.5.4 Piping Material Control Engineering 693.5.5 Piping Stress Engineering 703.6 Piping Engineering ¼º°úÇ°(Deliverables)ÀÇ Á¾·ù 703.7 3D Graphic Software(S/W) 713.8 °è»ê¿ë S/W 7104 Plant Layout 734.1 General 754.2 Plant Layout ±âÃÊ 754.2.1 Plant Layout Engineer & Designer 754.2.2 Engineer & DesignerÀÇ ¿ªÇÒ°ú Ã¥ÀÓ 764.2.3 Project Input Data 774.2.4 Plant Layout Step 774.3 Plant Layout Specification 784.4 Plant Layout ¿øÄ¢ 794.5 Plot plan ÀÛ¼º Flow Chart 794.6 Plant Layout ½Ã °í·Á »çÇ× 804.6.1 ÃÖ¿ì¼± °í·Á »çÇ× ¹× ÁÖ¿ä ¿ªÇÒ 804.6.2 Reference 824.7 Plant Layout °á·Ð 834.8 ±Ù¿øÀû ¾ÈÀü°øÇÐ °³³ä ÀÌÇØ 834.8.1 Inherently Safer Design 844.8.2 ISD(Inherently Safer Design)ÀÇ ¸ñÇ¥ 844.8.3 Plant ±â±â ÀÌ°Ý °Å¸® Áؼö 854.8.4 Utility(ÀúÀ§Çè Áö¿ª)¿Í Process(°íÀ§Çè Áö¿ª) ºÐ¸® 854.8.5 Plot Plan PlanningÀÇ ¿¹ 864.9 Plant Layout Study 88¡¤ »ç·Ê ¿¬±¸ : Ethylene Project Plot Layout Studies 884.9.1 General Information 884.9.2 Safety Factor/Prevailing Wind¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Data °ËÅä 894.9.3 Plot Area ¼±Á¤ÀÇ ¿ì¼±¼øÀ§ °áÁ¤ 904.9.4 Process System Group ´Ü°è¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ Plant Layout 914.9.5 dzÇâ°ú Process System GroupÀ» °í·ÁÇÑ »ó¼¼ Layout 914.9.6 ±âŸ ºÎ¼Ó °Ç¹° ¹èÄ¡/Substation, Control Room 924.9.7 °¢ AreaÀÇ ³ÐÀÌÀÇ Á¦ÇÑ 924.9.8 Code ¹× Local ±ÔÁ¤¿¡ µû¸¥ Plot Plan »óÀÇ Area ±¸ºÐ 934.9.9 Road °èȹ °ËÅä 944.9.10 Equipment Erection °ËÅä 954.9.11 Maintenance 954.9.12 Underground¿¡ ¹èÄ¡ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ Items °ËÅä 964.9.13 Project Final Plot Plan 9605 Piping Drawing 995.1 General 1015.2 Piping Drawing Á¾·ù 1015.2.1 Plot Plan Drawing(Àüü °øÀå ¹èÄ¡µµ) 1015.2.2 Piping Arrangement Drawing 1015.2.3 Piping Isometric Drawing/Spool Drawing 1015.2.4 Piping Support Drawing 1015.3 Drawing Issue by Stage 1025.4 Piping Drawing(Sample) 1035.4.1 Plot Plan Drawing : ±¸»óµµ¸é, °øÀåÀÇ ±â°è ¹èÄ¡µµ 1035.4.2 General Arrangement Drawing(Plan Drawing) : Piping Plan 1045.4.3 ISO Drawing(For Construction µµ¸é) 1055.4.4 Piping Support Drawing 1065.4.5 ¹è°ü ¼³°è »êÃâ¹°À» À§ÇÑ °ü·Ã µµ¸é 1075.5 As-Built Drawing 1115.5.1 Á¦Ãâ µµ¸é 1115.5.2 AS-Built ¹Ý¿µ ¹æ¹ý 1115.6 µµ¸é ÀÌÇØ¿Í È°¿ë 11206 Piping System Design 1156.1 General 1176.2 Piping System Design 1176.2.1 ¹è°üÀÇ Á¤ÀÇ 1176.2.2 ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º(Process) Á¤ÀÇ/ASME B31.3 1176.2.3 À¯Æ¿¸®Æ¼(Utility) Á¤ÀÇ 1186.3 Utility Piping System Design 1186.3.1 Utility System Á¾·ù 1186.3.2 °ø¾÷¿ë¼ö Sources ¹× ó¸® 1186.3.3 ½ºÆÀ(Steam System) 1206.3.4 °ø±â(Air System) 1226.3.5 Áú¼Ò ½Ã½ºÅÛ(N2) 1236.3.6 ÈÇй°Áú ½Ã½ºÅÛ 1236.3.7 ±âŸ ½Ã½ºÅÛ 1246.3.8 Utility Piping Lines Design Basis 1246.3.9 Utility System ¹èÄ¡ ¹× Àü¹ÝÀûÀÎ ·¹À̾ƿô ¼³°è 1246.4 Process Piping System Design 1256.4.1 Process Piping Lines Design Basis 1256.4.2 Process Area ³» Utilities Lines Design Basis 1266.4.3 Process Piping Line Route °ËÅä ½Ã °í·Á »çÇ× 1266.4.4 Process Equipmentº° ÀϹÝÀû °í·Á »çÇ× 1266.5 Process Requirement 1466.5.1 Slope 1466.5.2 Free Draining 1486.5.3 Gravity Flow Line 1486.5.4 Two Phase Flow 1486.6 ¹è°ü Áøµ¿¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÌÇØ 1496.6.1 ¹è°ü Áøµ¿ÀÇ Á¾·ù 1496.6.2 ¹è°ü Áøµ¿ÀÇ ¼³°è ±âÁØ 1506.6.3 Áøµ¿ Çؼ® Æò°¡ 1526.6.4 ¹è°ü Áøµ¿¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °í·Á »çÇ× 1546.7 ÁÖ¿ä ¹è°ü ½Ã½ºÅÛ ¹®Á¦ À¯Çü ¹× ´ëÃ¥ 1556.7.1 ¹è°ü¿¡¼ Two Phase È帧¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹®Á¦Á¡À» ÃÖ¼ÒÈÇÏ´Â ¹æ¾È 1556.7.2 °øµ¿Çö»ó(Cavitation) 1576.7.3 ÁÖ¿ä Áøµ¿ Çö»ó¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÌÇØ¿Í ´ëÃ¥ 1586.7.4 Valves Problems 1586.7.5 Pump Alignment 1596.8 Piping System Design Studies 163¡¤ »ç·Ê ¿¬±¸ : Compressor System Piping Studies in Compressor Area 1636.8.1 Main CompressorÀÇ »çÀü Ư¼º ÆÄ¾Ç 1636.8.2 Main CompressorÀÇ Process System °ËÅä 1646.8.3 Plant LayoutÀÇ ±â±âÀÇ LocationÀ» Process Flow Ãø¸é¿¡¼ ÀÌÇØÇϱâ 1646.8.4 Compressor System Piping Studies in Compressor Area 16507 Piping Material 1677.1 General 1697.2 Pipe and Tube 1697.2.1 Pipe¿Í TubeÀÇ Â÷ÀÌÁ¡ 1697.2.2 Markings on Pipe and Tube 1707.2.3 ¹è°ü ÀçÁú/Á¦ÀÛ ¹æ½Ä¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ºÐ·ù 1707.2.4 Non Destructive Tests for Pipe and Tube 1727.2.5 Material Traceability 1737.2.6 ÁÖ¿ä Metal/Non Metal Pipes 1747.2.7 Áßµ¿ Project ¼öÇà ½Ã °¡Àå ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â Non Metal Pipes(GRP) »ó¼¼ ÀÌÇØ 1767.3 Fitting & Main Components 1837.3.1 FittingÀ̶õ 1837.3.2 FittingÀÇ ºÐ·ù 1847.3.3 FittingÀÇ Á¾·ù¿Í ¿ëµµ 1847.3.4 Main Components 1867.4 ¹è°ü °ü°æ ¼±Á¤ 1997.5 ¹è°ü °øĪ Size & µÎ²² °è»ê 2017.5.1 Introduction to Pipe Sizes 2017.5.2 °øĪ(Nominal) ÆÄÀÌÇÁ Å©±â ¹× °øĪ Á÷°æ 2027.5.3 International Standards for Pipe Sizes 2027.5.4 Pipe Sizes for Other Materials 2037.5.5 Pressure Ratings for Pipe and Tube 2037.5.6 Wall Thickness Calculations for Straight Pipe Under Internal Pressure 2037.6 ¹è°ü ÀÚÀç ¼±Á¤ 2057.6.1 Physical Properties of Piping Materials 2067.6.2 À¯Ã¼¿¡ µû¸¥ ¹è°ü ÀÚÀç ¼±Á¤ ±âÁØ : °øÁ¤ Á¶°ÇÀº Àç·á ¼±Åÿ¡ °¡Àå ¸¹Àº¿µÇâÀ» ¹Ìħ 2077.6.3 ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ¹è°ü ÀÚÀç ¼±Á¤ ±âÁØ(Pipe & Fitting Selection) 2077.6.4 ¹è°ü Àç·áÀÇ ¼ºÁú(ASTM ³»¿ë) 2077.6.5 ASTM Àç·á ½ÃÇè Ư¼ºÀ» °í·ÁÇÑ ¼±Åà 2097.6.6 ASTM ÀçÁúÀÇ ¿îÀü ¿Âµµ ¹× ¿ëµµ¿¡ µû¸¥ ºÐ·ù 2107.7 Material Specification 2117.7.1 Standard Material Specification¿¡ Æ÷ÇÔÇØ¾ß ÇÒ »çÇ× 2117.7.2 Material Specification(Ethylene Project Sample) 2127.8 À¯Áö °ü¸®/ºÎ½Ä 2137.8.1 ºÎ½ÄÀ̶õ 2137.8.2 ºÎ½ÄÀÇ Á¾·ù 2137.8.3 ºÎ½Ä ´ëÃ¥ 2197.8.4 ¹è°üÀÇ ºÎ½Ä ÃøÁ¤ ¹æ¹ý 2207.8.5 ¸Å¼³ ¹è°üÀÇ ºÎ½Ä ¹æÁö 2217.9 ¹è°ü Material ¼±Á¤ ¿¹Á¦ 2237.9.1 ¹è°ü ÀÚÀç ¼±Á¤ ¿¹Á¦ 2237.9.2 »ç·Ê °ËÅä °á°ú/¹è°ü ÀçÁú ¼±Á¤¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Çؼ³ 2247.10 Paint & Insulation 2257.10.1 Paint 2257.10.2 Insulation 22708 Basic Concept of Piping Stress Analysis 2338.1 General 2358.2 ¹è°ü ÀÀ·ÂÇؼ®ÀÇ Á¤ÀÇ 2358.3 Àû¿ë ¹üÀ§ 2358.4 ¹è°ü ÀÀ·ÂÇؼ®ÀÇ °³³ä 2358.4.1 Pipe¿¡ ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ´Â Stress Á¾·ù ÀÌÇØ 2368.4.2 Basic Concept of Piping Stress Analysis 2378.4.3 ASME B31.3 Code ¹è°ü ÀÀ·ÂÇؼ®ÀÇ °³³ä 2388.4.4 ¿ë¾îÀÇ Á¤ÀÇ 2408.5 ¹è°ü ÀÀ·ÂÇؼ®ÀÇ ÁÖ¸ñÀû 2518.6 ¹è°ü ÀÀ·ÂÇؼ® ½Ã °í·ÁµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÒ ÇÏÁß 2518.6.1 ¹è°ü¿¡ ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ´Â ÇÏÁßÀÇ Á¾·ù 2518.6.2 ASME B31.3ÀÇ Type of Load on Piping(Design, Normal, Up-set, Emergency, Test µî) 2528.7 ¹è°ü ÀÀ·ÂÇؼ®½Ã ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ÀÚ·á 2528.8 ¿ÀÀ·ÂÇؼ®ÀÇ Çʿ伺¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÆÇ´Ü ±âÁØ 2538.9 ¹è°ü ÀÀ·ÂÇؼ® ÀýÂ÷ 2568.10 ¹è°ü ÀÀ·Â Æò°¡ ±âÁØ 2568.10.1 ASME B31.3 Code ÀÀ·Â Æò°¡ ÀÌÇØ 2568.10.2 ASME B31.3 Code PIPEÀÇ ¿ÆØâ Stress °è»ê ¹æ½Ä ÀÌÇØ¿Í Æò°¡ 2588.10.3 Flexibility & Stress Intensification FactorÀÇ »ó¼¼ °³³ä 2598.10.4 Stress Range Factor ÀÌÇØ 2618.10.5 Allowable Stress Range Çؼ® 2618.10.6 Çã¿ë ÀÀ·Â ¹üÀ§¿¡ Ãß°¡ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÀÀ·Â(ADDITIVE STRESS) 2628.11 ¹è°ü ÀÀ·ÂÇؼ®ÀÇ Æò°¡ 2638.11.1 Static ÀÀ·ÂÇؼ® °ËÅä(Static Load Á¾·ù) 2638.11.2 Dynamic ÀÀ·ÂÇؼ® °ËÅä(Dynamic Load Á¾·ù) 2638.11.3 Piping Stress Analysis Result °í·Á »çÇ×/Piping Stress Analysis °á°ú¿¡ÀÇÇÑ Æò°¡ 2648.11.4 ¹è°ü ÀÀ·ÂÇؼ® ÈÄ °ËÅäÇØ¾ß ÇÒ »çÇ× 2658.11.5 ¿ ÀÀ·Â ÇØ¼Ò ¹æ¾È 2658.12 ¹è°ü ÀÀ·ÂÇؼ® º¸°í¼ 2658.13 ¹è°ü ÀÀ·ÂÇؼ® °ü·Ã CODES 2668.14 ¹è°ü ¼³°è Guided Cantilever Beam Method Àû¿ë 2668.15 Information Flow for Stress Analysis & Piping Stress Engineering Software 2698.15.1 Information Flow for Stress Analysis 2698.15.2 Piping Stress Engineering Software 269¡¤ »ç·Ê ¿¬±¸ : °í¿Â, °í¾Ð ±â±â¿¡ ¿¬°áµÇ´Â ¹è°ü Çؼ® ÁøÇà 27109 Piping Supports 2759.1 General 2779.2 Pipe SupportsÀÇ Á¤ÀÇ 2779.3 Piping SupportÀÇ ¿ªÇÒ 2779.4 Piping Support Material ¼±Á¤ 2789.4.1 Support Material Àû¿ë ¿Âµµ ¹üÀ§ 2789.4.2 Reinforcing Pad ¼³Ä¡ ±âÁØ 2789.4.3 ±â±â¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Reaction °ËÁõ 2799.5 Function¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ Type of Support ºÐ·ù ±âÁØ 2799.6 Type of Support 2809.6.1 Resting Type : Y-Direction(1 DOF Restraint) * DOF : Degree of Freedom 2809.6.2 Guide Type : X or Z-Direction(2 DOF Restraint) 2819.6.3 Directional Stop Type : X or Z(2, 3 Restraint) 2829.6.4 Anchor Type : 6 Direction Constraint(6 DOF Restraint) 2839.6.5 Special Type 2849.7 ¿ÆØâ, ÁöÁø¿¡ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â Special Type Support 2859.7.1 Variable Spring 2869.7.2 Constant Spring 2869.7.3 Snubber Support 2879.8 Pipe Supports Code & Standards 2879.9 Piping Support SpanÀÇ ÀÌÇØ 2889.9.1 Piping Support Span 2889.9.2 Allowable Pipe Span Calculation 2899.10 Typical Small Bore(1 1/2" & Lower) Installations 29110 Ethylene Piping System Studies 29510.1 General 29710.1.1 Ethylene Plant ÀÏ¹Ý »çÇ× 29710.2 Conceptual Ethylene Process 29810.2.1 Conceptual Ethylene Plant 29810.3 Dual Ethylene Process Plant 30010.3.1 General Information 30010.3.2 Ethylene Major Equipment Location & Piping System Design 30110.3.3 Equipment Location & Piping Engineering & Design Áß¿ä °í·Á »çÇ× 30210.4 Ethylene Large Bore Piping Header Studies 30310.4.1 ¿ºÐÇØ °øÁ¤(Cracking Heater) Piping System Design& Configuration 30310.4.2 ³Ã°¢ °øÁ¤(Cracked Gas Quench) Piping System Design & Configuration 31510.4.3 ¾ÐÃà °øÁ¤(Cracked Gas Compressor) Piping System Design& Configuration 317¡¤ »ç·Ê ¿¬±¸ : Cracked Compressor Nozzle A/B, 66"-150#(Gasket Maintenance) 3D Model vs Actual Views 32610.4.4 Á¤Á¦ °øÁ¤(Cold Exchanger) Piping System Design & Configuration 32710.5 Large Bore Piping System Consideration(Ethylene Project Case) 33710.5.1 Definition of Large Diameter Piping 33810.5.2 Cost/Issues 33810.5.3 Production Technological Problems 33810.5.4 A/G Piping Design & Construction Technological Problems 33910.5.5 U/G Piping Design & Construction Technological Problems 34010.6 Ethylene Project Special Consideration 34310.6.1 Ethylene Project¿¡ Àû¿ëµÈ GRP Piping 34410.6.2 Dissimilar Welding Method 35710.6.3 Acoustic Induced Vibration - AIV in Piping Systems 35810.6.4 Gusset Support work 36510.6.5 Cryogenic Valve 36610.6.6 Roads, Access Ways And Paving 36810.6.7 Location of silencer, Flame arrestor and Lines Open to Atmosphere 36911 Project Piping Execution 37111.1 General 37311.2 Project Piping Design Execution ÀÌÇØ 37311.2.1 Project ¼öÇà 3 Stage Cycle 37311.2.2 Project Execution Stageº° Management(by *PMI) 37411.3 Piping Engineering Work Milestone °ü¸® 37511.3.1 Piping Engineering Overall Schedule for 33 Month(for General View) 37611.3.2 3D Modeling & Review 37611.3.3 Major Milestone for 3D Modeling 37811.3.4 Major Milestone for Material Take-Off 381¡¤ »ç·Ê¿¬±¸ 38211.3.5 Major Milestone for Quality Control 38211.3.6 Piping Engineering WorkÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä °ü¸® Ç׸ñ 38311.4 Interface Control 38511.5 Key Factor for Success of Piping Engineering Work 38711.5.1 »ç·Ê ¿¬±¸ : ´ëÇü Ethylene Project Piping Engineering & Design Ãʱ⠼º°ø ¿äÀÎ µµÃâ/Cost, Schedule, Quality 38811.6 Project Management ¾÷¹« ¹üÀ§ Á¤ÀÇ/Reference Data by PMP 38912 Piping Design Closeout Phase 39912.1 General 40112.2 Field Engineering 40112.2.1 Responsibilities(ÇöÀå ¼³°èÀÇ Ã¥¹«) 40212.2.2 Activities of Field Engineering Team(ÇöÀå ¼³°è ÆÀÀÇ ¾÷¹«) 40212.3 Lessons & Learned 40512.3.1 Purpose 40512.3.2 Scope 40512.3.3 General Requirements 40512.3.4 Application 40512.3.5 Responsibilities 40512.3.6 Preparation Procedures 40612.3.7 Preparation 40612.3.8 Changing and New Creation of A DEP and PEP(Design Engineering Procedure, Project Engineering Procedure) 40712.3.9 References 40712.4 Piping Closeout Report 40812.4.1 Àüü Piping Design & Construction(EPC) ¼º°ú Æò°¡ 40912.4.2 Document Actual Project Cost 40912.4.3 Document Actual Project Schedule 41012.4.4 Document Scope Changes 41012.4.5 Record Post-Implementation Review 41012.4.6 Identify Open Issues 41012.4.7 Archive Project Documents 411¡¤ »ç·Ê ÀÚ·á : Sample Report 412¸¶¹«¸®ÇÏ¸é¼ 421Glossary Á¤¸® 425References 446