영어로 읽는 고전 _ E.M. 포스터의 소설을 쓰는 방법들
“소설을 쓰는 방법들(Aspects of the Novel)”은 1927년 E. M. Forster가 케임브리지 대학교에서 행한 강연을 바탕으로 출간된 문학 비평서이다. 이 책은 소설의 본질과 구성 요소를 체계적으로 분석한 현대 소설론의 고전으로 평가받고 있다.
Forster는 이 저서에서 소설을 이야기, 인물, 플롯, 환상과 예언, 패턴과 리듬 등의 요소로 나누어 상세히 분석한다. 특히 그는 '플랫 캐릭터'(평면적 인물)와 '라운드 캐릭터'(입체적 인물)라는 독창적인 인물 유형 구분을 제시하여, 이후 소설 비평의 중요한 개념을 확립했다. 또한 스토리(story)와 플롯(plot)의 차이를 명확히 구분하여 설명함으로써 소설의 구조를 이해하는 새로운 관점을 제시했다.
작가는 소설의 기술적 측면을 분석하면서도, 문학의 본질적 가치와 인간성에 대한 깊은 통찰을 잃지 않는다. 그는 시간, 공간, 인과관계 등 소설의 기본 요소들이 어떻게 인간의 경험과 연결되는지를 설득력 있게 설명한다. 특히 소설가의 상상력과 창조성이 어떻게 현실을 재구성하는지에 대한 그의 분석은 탁월하다.
이 책은 출간 이후 현재까지 소설 이론과 창작의 교과서로 널리 읽히고 있다. Forster의 명쾌한 문체와 풍부한 작품 인용, 그리고 예리한 분석은 소설의 본질을 이해하는 데 귀중한 통찰을 제공한다. 현대 소설 이론의 기초를 마련한 이 저서는, 소설의 기술적 측면과 예술적 가치를 균형 있게 다룬 걸작으로 평가받고 있다.

Reading Classics in English _ Aspects of the novel by E. M. Forster
“Aspects of the Novel” is a literary criticism book published in 1927 based on a lecture given by E.M. Forster at Cambridge University. This book is considered a classic of modern novel theory that systematically analyzes the essence and components of a novel.
In this book, Forster analyzes a novel in detail by dividing it into elements such as story, character, plot, fantasy and prophecy, pattern and rhythm. In particular, he proposed a unique character type distinction called “flat character” and “round character”, which established an important concept in later novel criticism. He also presented a new perspective on understanding the structure of a novel by clearly distinguishing the difference between story and plot.
While analyzing the technical aspects of a novel, the author does not lose his deep insight into the essential value of literature and humanity. He persuasively explains how the basic elements of a novel, such as time, space, and causality, are connected to human experience. In particular, his analysis of how the imagination and creativity of the novelist reconstruct reality is outstanding. Since its publication, this book has been widely read as a textbook on novel theory and creative writing. Forster's clear writing style, abundant citations, and sharp analysis provide valuable insights into understanding the essence of the novel. This book, which laid the foundation for modern novel theory, is evaluated as a masterpiece that balances the technical aspects and artistic value of the novel.

Summary
"Aspects of the Novel" by E. M. Forster is a literary critique written in the early 20th century. This work compiles a series of lectures that delves into the various elements that constitute the novel, exploring aspects like story, characters, plot, and the rhythm of narration. Forster aims to clarify the complexities of the novel form, providing insights that will resonate with both readers and writers, and discusses the nuances that define successful storytelling. The opening of "Aspects of the Novel" establishes its framework, introducing the author's intention to explore the novel through a mix of humor and intellectual insights. Forster begins by reflecting on the essence of storytelling and its fundamental importance to the structure of novels. He hints at the included discussions about influential authors and offers a critique of both the nature of characters and the role of the reader's interpretation. The initial chapters aim to break down traditional notions of literary analysis, contrasting the narrative qualities of classic and contemporary works, and setting the stage for nuanced examinations of various writing styles and techniques within the realm of fiction.

Contents
I. INTRODUCTORY
II. THE STORY
III. PEOPLE
IV. PEOPLE (continued)
V. THE PLOT
VI. FANTASY
VII. PROPHECY
VIII. PATTERN AND RHYTHM
IX. CONCLUSION