영어로 읽는 고전 _ 앤드류 랭의 스코틀랜드의 간략한 역사
"A Short History of Scotland"은 Andrew Lang이 19세기 후반에 저술한 것으로 추정되는 역사서입니다. 이 책은 로마 장군 아그리콜라의 침공부터 시작하여 시대를 거치며 스코틀랜드를 형성해 온 다양한 갈등과 문화적 발전을 상세히 다룹니다. 이를 통해 독자들에게 스코틀랜드의 풍부한 역사와 독특한 국가로서의 발전 과정을 이해시키는 것을 목표로 합니다.
책의 도입부는 스코틀랜드의 초기 역사를 소개하며, 로마인들이 마주했던 풍경과 후기 켈트 문화로 특징지어지는 당시의 사회를 묘사합니다. Lang은 토착민들이 전쟁과 농업에서 뛰어난 기술을 보유하고 있었으며, 잘 구조화된 공동체에서 살았다고 설명합니다. 그는 아일랜드 서사시와 같은 기록을 통해 알려진 스코틀랜드인들의 예술적 성취를 강조하고, 로마군의 군사 원정이 미친 영향을 개괄합니다.
이야기가 진행되면서, 로마인들과 현지 부족들 사이에서 발생한 후속 교류와 갈등들을 암시하며, 이는 책 전체에 걸쳐 펼쳐질 역사적 사건들의 토대를 마련합니다.

Classics Read in English _ A Short History of Scotland by Andrew Lang
"A Short History of Scotland" by Andrew Lang is a historical account likely written in the late 19th century. The book explores Scotland's past, beginning with the Roman invasion under General Agricola and detailing the various conflicts and cultural developments that shaped the nation through the ages. It aims to provide readers with an understanding of Scotland's rich history and its evolution as a distinct nation. The opening of the book sets the stage for Scotland's early history, illustrating the landscape encountered by the Romans and describing the society of the time, characterized by Late Celtic culture. Lang describes the indigenous people as possessing advanced skills in warfare and agriculture, living in well-structured communities. He emphasizes the artistic achievements of the Scots, familiar through accounts such as Irish epics, and outlines the impact of Roman military campaigns. As the narrative progresses, it hints at the subsequent interactions and conflicts that arose between the Romans and the local tribes, laying the foundation for the historical events that will unfold throughout the book.

Among the contents
If we could see in a magic mirror the country now called Scotland as it was when the Romans under Agricola (81 A.D.) crossed the Border, we should recognise little but the familiar hills and mountains. The rivers, in the plains, overflowed their present banks; dense forests of oak and pine, haunted by great red deer, elks, and boars, covered land that has long been arable. There were lakes and lagoons where for centuries there have been fields of corn. On the oldest sites of our towns were groups of huts made of clay and wattle, and dominated, perhaps, by the large stockaded house of the tribal prince. In the lochs, natural islands, or artificial islets made of piles (crannogs), afforded standing-ground and protection to villages, if indeed these lake-dwellings are earlier in Scotland than the age of war that followed the withdrawal of the Romans.
The natives were far beyond the savage stage of culture. They lived in an age of iron tools and weapons and of wheeled vehicles; and were in what is called the Late Celtic condition of art and culture, familiar to us from beautiful objects in bronze work, more commonly found in Ireland than in Scotland, and from the oldest Irish romances and poems.

Contents
CHAPTER I. SCOTLAND AND THE ROMANS.
CHAPTER II. CHRISTIANITY?THE RIVAL KINGDOMS.
CHAPTER III. EARLY WARS OF RACES.
CHAPTER IV. MALCOLM CANMORE?NORMAN CONQUEST.
CHAPTER V. DAVID I. AND HIS TIMES.
CHAPTER VI. MALCOLM THE MAIDEN.
CHAPTER VII. ENCROACHMENTS OF EDWARD I.?WALLACE.
CHAPTER VIII. BRUCE AND THE WAR OF INDEPENDENCE.
CHAPTER IX. DECADENCE AND DISASTERS?REIGN OF DAVID II.
CHAPTER X. EARLY STEWART KINGS: ROBERT II. (1371-1390).
CHAPTER XI. JAMES I.
CHAPTER XII. JAMES II.
CHAPTER XIII. JAMES III.
CHAPTER XIV. JAMES IV.
CHAPTER XV. JAMES V. AND THE REFORMATION.
CHAPTER XVI. THE MINORITY OF MARY STUART.
CHAPTER XVII. REGENCY OF ARRAN.
CHAPTER XVIII. REGENCY OF MARY OF GUISE.
CHAPTER XIX. THE GREAT PILLAGE.
CHAPTER XX. MARY IN SCOTLAND.
CHAPTER XXI. MINORITY OF JAMES VI.
CHAPTER XXII. REIGN OF JAMES VI.
CHAPTER XXIII. THE GOWRIE CONSPIRACY.
CHAPTER XXIV. CHARLES I.
CHAPTER XXV. CONQUERED SCOTLAND.
CHAPTER XXVI. THE RESTORATION.
CHAPTER XXVII. WILLIAM AND MARY.
CHAPTER XXVIII. DARIEN.
CHAPTER XXIX. PRELIMINARIES TO THE UNION.
CHAPTER XXX. GEORGE I.
CHAPTER XXXI. THE ARGATHELIANS AND THE SQUADRONE.
CHAPTER XXXII. THE FIRST SECESSION.
CHAPTER XXXIII. THE LAST JACOBITE RISING.