¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µéÀº ´ëÁß±³Åë, °£Æí °áÁ¦ µî ¸¹Àº ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼ ºñ Á¢ÃË½Ä Ä«µå¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. NFC´Â ºñ Á¢ÃË½Ä °áÁ¦ Áß¿¡¼ ºñÁßÀÌ °¡Àå Å©°í ½Ç»ýÈ°¿¡ Àû¿ëµÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ºÐ¾ß¸¦ ã¾Æº¸±â Èûµé Á¤µµ·Î ¿ì¸®ÀÇ »î°ú ¹ÐÁ¢ÇØ ÀÖ´Â ±â¼úÀÌ´Ù. ¿ìÈÄÁ×¼øÀ¸·Î »ý°Ü³ª´Â NFC »ç¾÷Àå¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© º¸¾È ¼öÁØÀÌ ÇöÀúÈ÷ ¶³¾îÁö°í ÀÖ´Â ½Ç»óÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ º¸¾È ÀÎ½Ä Á¦°í Â÷¿ø¿¡¼ º» Ã¥À» ÁýÇÊÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù.
2010³â 2014³â ±³ÅëÄ«µå ¹× ÃâÀÔÅëÁ¦ ½Ã½ºÅÛ ÇØÅ· »ç°ÇÀÌ °è±â°¡ µÇ¾îNFC Tag¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ãë¾àÁ¡À» ºÐ¼®ÇÏ°í ´ëÀÀ¹æ¾ÈÀ» ¿¬±¸Çϱâ À§ÇØ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¸¦ ÁøÇàÇÏ¿´´Ù.óÀ½¿¡ ¿ì¸®´Â MFRC522 ¸ðµâ Çϳª·Î, ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â »ý°¢À» °®°í ÇູÇÑ »ó»óÀÇ ³ª·¡¸¦ ÆîÄ¡°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ Çö½ÇÀÇ º®Àº ³ô¾Ò°í, ¿ì¸®°¡ ³Ñ¾î¾ßÇÒ »êÀº ³Ê¹« ³ªµµ ¸¹¾Ò´Ù. NFC°ü·ÃÇÑ Àü¹® Áö½ÄÀÎÀÌ ÁÖÀ§¿¡ ¾ø´Ù º¸´Ï, ÇϳªºÎÅÍ ¿ ±îÁö´Ù Á¶»çÇÏ°í °øºÎÇØ¾ß Çß´Ù. ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ® °úÁ¤ Áß¿¡ ¿ì¸®°¡ ¾Ë°Ô µÈ Áö½Ä À̳ª ±â¼úµéÀ» ÃÖ´ëÇÑ ³ì¿© Ã¥À¸·Î ³²°Ü¼ NFC°ü·ÃÇÑ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¸¦ ÁøÇàÇϰųª NFC±â¼ú¿¡ °ü½ÉÀÌ ÀÖ´Â À̵鿡°Ô µµ¿òÀ» ÁÖ°í ½Í´Ù.
ÀÌ Ã¥ÀÇ ³»¿ëÀº ÃÑ 5°³ÀÇ Part·Î ±¸ºÐ µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. Part 1¿¡¼´Â NFCÀÇ °³³ä°ú ÇöȲ¿¡ ´ëÇؼ ¼Ò°³Çϸç, Part 2¿¡¼´Â NFC Tag ±Ô°Ý¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼³¸íÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. Part 3¿¡¼´Â º»°ÝÀûÀ¸·Î Tag¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÐ¼® µµ±¸¿Í Tag¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÐ¼® °úÁ¤À» ´Ù·ç¾ú°í, Part 4¿¡¼´Â Tagº° Ãë¾àÁ¡¿¡ ´Ù·ç°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¸¶Áö¸· Part 5¿¡¼´Â NFC¸¦ °³¹ßÇϱâ À§ÇÑ È¯°æ ±¸Ãà ¹× °³¹ß ¹æ¹ý¿¡ ´ëÇؼ ´Ù·ç¾ú´Ù.
PART 1 What is NFC ?
Chapter 1 NFC
1.1 NFCÀÇ °³³ä
1.2 NFC µ¿ÀÛ ¹æ½Ä
1) ¸Çü½ºÅÍ ÄÚµù(Manchester Coding)
2) ¼öÁ¤µÈ ¹Ð·¯ ÄÚµù(Modified Miller Coding)
3) ºñ Á¦·Î º¹±Í(None-Return to Zero Coding)
1.3 NFC ¸ðµå
1) ´Éµ¿ Åë½Å ¸ðµå(Active Communication Mode)
2) ¼öµ¿ Åë½Å ¸ðµå(Passive Communication mode)
Chapter 2 NFC Tag
1.1 NFC TagÀÇ °³³ä
1) ÀüÀÚ±â À¯µµ Çö»ó(Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction)
2) µ¥ÀÌÅÍ Ã³¸®
1.2 NFC Card Åë½Å ±Ô°Ý
Chapter 3 NFC ÇöȲ
3.1 NFC TagÀÇ È°¿ëºÐ¾ß
3.2 NFC ±â¼ú µ¿Çâ
3) NFC ±¹³» ±â¼ú ¹× ÀÀ¿ë ¼ºñ½º µ¿Çâ
4) NFC ÇØ¿Ü ±â¼ú ¹× ÀÀ¿ë ¼ºñ½º µ¿Çâ
PART 2 NFC Tag ±Ô°Ý
Chapter 1 MIFARE Classic
1.1 MIFACE Classic
1) °³ ¿ä
2) ±¸ Á¶
3) Åë½Å ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝ
(1) Request
(2) Anti-Collision
(3) Select Card
(4) MIFARE Classic ÀÎÁõ ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝ
(5) HALT
?
Chapter 2 SRT512
2.1 SRT512
1) °³ ¿ä
2) ±¸ Á¶
3) Åë½Å ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝ
(1) READY
(2) INVENTORY
(3) SELECTED
4) ¸í·É¾î
(1) ¸í·É¾î Å×À̺í
(2) INITIATE
(3) PCALL16
(4) SLOT_MARKER
(5) SELECT
(6) READ_BLOCK
(7) WRITE_BLOCK
(8) GET_UID
Chapter 3 MIFARE PLUS
3.1 MIFARE PLUS
1) °³ ¿ä
2) ±¸ Á¶
PART 3 NFC Tag Analysis
Chapter 1 MCT
1.1 MIFARE Classic Tool ¼Ò°³
1.2 ±â´É¼Ò°³
1) Read Tag
2) Write Tag
3) ÇÑ°èÁ¡ ¹× È°¿ë¹æ¾È
Chapter 2 MFRC522
2.1 Arduino Uno - MFRC522¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ NFC Tag ºÐ¼®
2.2 Raspberry PI - MFRC522¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ NFC ÅÂ±× ºÐ¼®
Chapter 3 ACR122U
3.1 ACR122U¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ NFC Tag ºÐ¼®
1) ACS ACR122U SDK
2) NFC-Tools
(1) USB·Î Pentoo OS ºÎÆÃÇϱâ
(2) LIBNFC ¼³Ä¡Çϱâ
(3) MIFARE Classic Cracking Çϱâ
Chapter 4 Proxmark3
4.1 Proxmark3 ÀÌÇØ
1) °³ ¿ä
2) Specification
3) Installation
4) Firmware Upgrade
4.2 ISO 14443 Type A ºÐ¼® ¹× Å©·¢
1) MIFARE Classic Key Crack
(1) Known Key Check
(2) Nested Attack
(3) Dark Side Attack
2) MIFARE Series & Others ºÐ¼®
(1) µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ¼öÁý
(2) Tag Simulating
4.3 ISO 14443 Type B ºÐ¼®
1) ST/SR Series ºÐ¼®
2) Others Tag ºÐ¼®
3) Tag Simulating
4.4 Lua Script
?
PART 4 Tag ±Ô°Ý º° Ãë¾àÁ¡
Chapter 1 MIFARE Classic
1.1 MIFARE Classic Ãë¾àÁ¡
1) ³¼ö ÀÏÄ¡ ¹®Á¦
2) ¾Ë·ÁÁø Æò¹® °ø°Ý
3) ±× ¹Û¿¡ °ø°Ý
(1) Default Key Search Attack
(2) Snooping Attack
4) ºÐ¼® ½Ã»çÁ¡
Chapter 2 SRT512
2.1 SRT512 Ãë¾àÁ¡
1) ¿î¿µ ½Ã½ºÅÛ ¹®Á¦
2) µ¥ÀÌÅÍ Sniffing
3) Card Cloning
4) ºÐ¼® ½Ã»çÁ¡
Chapter 3 MIFARE PLUS
3.1 MIFARE PLUS ºÐ¼®
1) MIFARE PLUS Security Level 1
2) MIFARE PLUS Security Level 3
(1) MIFARE Plus °ø°Ý ¹æ¹ý
(2) MIFARE Plus Side Channel Attack
(3) Sniffing µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ºÐ¼®
PART 5 °³¹ß ȯ°æ ±¸Ãà
Chapter 1 °³¹ßȯ°æ ±¸Ãà
1.1 Android Application °³¹ßȯ°æ ±¸Ãà
1.2 MFRC522 ¸ðµâÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ °³¹ßȯ°æ ±¸Ãà
1) Arduino UNO
2) Raspberry PI