A PSF of a 6 MV photon beam was generated by simulating the interactions of
primary electrons with the relevant geometries of a Synergy linear accelerator
(Elekta AB, Stockholm, Sweden) and recording the particles that reach a plane 16
cm downstream the electron source. Probability distribution functions (PDFs) for
particle positions and energies were derived from the analysis of the PSF. These
PDFs were implemented in the VSM using inverse transform sampling. To model
particle directions, the phase space plane was divided into a regular square grid.
Each element of the grid corresponds to an area of 1 mm2 in the phase space
plane. The average direction cosines, Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) between
photon energies and their direction cosines, as well as the PCC between the
direction cosines were calculated for each grid element. Weighted polynomial
surfaces were then fitted to these 2D data. The weights are used to correct for
heteroscedasticity across the phase space bins. The directions of the particles
created by the VSM were calculated from these fitted functions. The VSM was
validated against the PSF by comparing the doses calculated by the two methods
for different square field sizes. The comparisons were performed with profile and
gamma analyses.
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A single-source photon source model of a linear accelerator for Monte
Carlo dose calculation
1. Introduction 42
2. Materials and methods 43
3. Results 48
4. Discussion 53
5. Conclusion 54
6. References 55