¢º º¥ÀڹΠÇÁ·©Å¬¸°ÀÌ Á÷Á¢ ¾´ ȸ°í·Ï(Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin; Written by Himself. by Franklin)(1791) : ¡®º¥ÀڹΠÇÁ·©Å¬¸° ÀÚ¼Àü¡¤È¸°í·Ï¡¯Àº ±×°¡ »ç¸Á(1789)ÇÑ ÀÌÈÄ ÇöÀç±îÁö ÃâÆÇ»ç¿Í ÆíÁýÀÚ¸¶´Ù Á¶±Ý¾¿ ´Ù¸¥ ÆÇÀ¸·Î Ãâ°£µÇ°í ÀÖ´Â ¡®¼öÇʹ®ÇÐÀÇ °íÀü¡¯ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. º¥ÀÚ¹ÎÀÌ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÁöÀε鿡°Ô ¡®ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ »î°ú öÇС¯, ¡®ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Àλý °ü¸®¹ý¡¯ µîÀ» °Ç³×´Â ÆíÁö ¸ðÀ½ÁýÀÇ ÇüÅ·Î, ¡®ÀÚ±â°ü¸®ÀÇ ³¡ÆÇ¿Õ¡¯À̶ó ºÒ¸®´Â ±×ÀÇ ºñ¹ý(?!)ÀÌ °í½º¶õÈ÷ ´ã°Ü ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. º¥ÀÚ¹ÎÀº 1726³â 20¼¼°¡ µÇ´ø ÇØ ½º½º·Î 13°¡Áö ¹Ì´ö(ÀýÁ¦, ħ¹¬, Áú¼, Áø½ÇÇÔ, Á¤ÀÇ µî)À» Á¤ÇÏ°í, ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ´ÙÀ̾¿¡ ¸ÅÀÏ Ç¥½Ã¸¦ ÇÏ´Â ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î ½º½º·Î¸¦ öÀúÇÏ°Ô °ü¸®ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, ±×ÀÇ ³ëÇϿ츦 ü°èÈÇÑ Ç÷¡³ÊÀÇ °íÀü ÇÁ·©Å¬¸° Ç÷¡³Ê(Franklin Planner)´Â ÇöÀç±îÁöµµ Àαâ ÀÖ´Â º£½ºÆ®¼¿·¯ ´ÙÀ̾ÁÒ! ±×·¯³ª ±× ÀڽŠ¶ÇÇÑ ¿Ïº®ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ÀÏ°³ °³ÀÎÀ¸·Î½á ¼º¿åÀ» Ç®±â À§ÇØ È¯¶ô°¡¿¡ ¼öÂ÷·Ê ¹æ¹®ÇÏ¿´À» »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¸ÆÁÖ¸¦ ºñ·ÔÇÑ ¼úÀ» Áñ±â°í ½ÉÁö¾î Âù¾çÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ³ë¿¹ÆóÁö·ÐÀÚ·Î ¼±È¸Çϱâ´Â ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù¸¸, »ç¾÷°¡·Î½á ³ë¿¹¸¦ ´Ù¼ö °Å´À¸° ³ë¿¹¼ÒÀ¯ÁÖ¿´ÁÒ. º¥ÀÚ¹ÎÀÌ ºñ·Ï ÈìÀÌ ¾ø´Â ¿Ïº®ÇÑ »ç¶÷Àº ¾Æ´Ò °ÍÀ̳ª, ÇöÀç±îÁöµµ ¹Ì±¹ÀÎÀÇ Á¸°æÀ» ¹Þ´Â À§ÀÎÀ¸·Î½á ÀÚ±â°è¹ß°ú ÀÚ±â°ü¸®¿¡ °ü½ÉÀÌ ¸¹Àº Çö´ëÀÇ µ¶Àڵ鿡°Ôµµ ±Í°¨ÀÌ µÉ ÀåÁ¡ÀÌ ÀûÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. Å׸¶¿©Çà½Å¹® TTN Korea ¿µ¾î°íÀü(English Classics)°ú ÇÔ²² ¾îÁ¦µµ, ¿À´Ãµµ, ³»Àϵµ ¸ÚÁø ¹®Çп©ÇàÀ»! B
¢º INTRODUCTORY NOTE. Benjamin Franklin was born in Milk Street, Boston, on January 6, 1706. His father, Josiah Franklin, was a tallow chandler who married twice, and of his seventeen children Benjamin was the youngest son. His schooling ended at ten, and at twelve he was bound apprentice to his brother James, a printer, who published the "New England Courant." To this journal he became a contributor, and later was for a time its nominal editor. But the brothers quarreled, and Benjamin ran away, going first to New York, and thence to Philadelphia, where he arrived in October, 1723.
¢¹ ¼Ò°³ ³ëÆ®. º¥ÀڹΠÇÁ·©Å¬¸°Àº 1706³â 1¿ù 6ÀÏ º¸½ºÅÏÀÇ ¹ÐÅ© ½ºÆ®¸®Æ®¿¡¼ ž½À´Ï´Ù. ±×ÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁöÀÎ Á¶½Ã¾Æ ÇÁ·©Å¬¸°Àº µÎ ¹ø °áÈ¥ÇÑ ±â¸§Áø æµé·¯¿´À¸¸ç ±×ÀÇ ¿ÀÏ°ö ÀÚ³à Áß ¸·³»¾ÆµéÀÌ º¥ÀÚ¹ÎÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±×ÀÇ Çб³ ±³À°Àº 10»ì¿¡ ³¡³µ°í 12»ì¿¡´Â "´ºÀ×±Û·£µå Äí¶õÆ®(New England Courant)"¸¦ ÃâÆÇÇÑ Àμâ¾÷ÀÚÀÎ Çü Á¦ÀÓ½ºÀÇ °ß½À»ýÀÌ µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±×´Â ÀÌ Àú³ÎÀÇ ±â°í°¡°¡ µÇ¾ú°í ³ªÁß¿¡´Â Çѵ¿¾È ¸í¸ñ»ó ÆíÁýÀÚ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÇüÁ¦µéÀÌ ´ÙÅõÀÚ º¥ÀÚ¹ÎÀº ¸ÕÀú ´º¿åÀ¸·Î, ±× ´ÙÀ½¿¡´Â Çʶóµ¨ÇǾƷΠµµ¸ÁÃÄ 1723³â 10¿ù¿¡ ±×°÷¿¡ µµÂøÇß½À´Ï´Ù.
¢º On Denman's death he returned to his former trade, and shortly set up a printing house of his own from which he published "The Pennsylvania Gazette," to which he contributed many essays, and which he made a medium for agitating a variety of local reforms. In 1732 he began to issue his famous "Poor Richard's Almanac" for the enrichment of which he borrowed or composed those pithy utterances of worldly wisdom which are the basis of a large part of his popular reputation. In 1758, the year in which he ceased writing for the Almanac, he printed in it "Father Abraham's Sermon," now regarded as the most famous piece of literature produced in Colonial America.
¢¹ µ§¸¸ÀÌ Á×ÀÚ ±×´Â ÀÌÀü Á÷¾÷À¸·Î µ¹¾Æ°¬°í °ð ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Àμâ¼Ò¸¦ Â÷¸®°í "Ææ½Çº£´Ï¾Æ °¡Á¦Æ®(The Pennsylvania Gazette)"¸¦ ÃâÆÇÇßÀ¸¸ç ±×°÷¿¡¼ ¸¹Àº ¿¡¼¼À̸¦ ±â°íÇßÀ¸¸ç ´Ù¾çÇÑ Áö¿ª °³ÇõÀ» ¼±µ¿ÇÏ´Â ¸Åü¸¦ ¸¸µé¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. 1732³â¿¡ ±×´Â ±×ÀÇ À¯¸íÇÑ "°¡³ÇÑ ¸®Ã³µåÀÇ ¿¬°¨(Poor Richard's Almanac)"À» ¹ßÇàÇϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇߴµ¥, ±×ÀÇ ´ëÁßÀû ¸í¼ºÀÇ »ó´ç ºÎºÐÀÇ ±âÃÊ°¡ µÇ´Â ¼¼¼ÓÀû ÁöÇýÀÇ °£°áÇÑ ¹ß¾ðÀ» Â÷¿ëÇϰųª ±¸¼ºÇÏ¿© dzºÎÇÏ°Ô Çß½À´Ï´Ù. 1758³â ¿¬°¨ ÀÛ¼ºÀ» Áß´ÜÇÑ ÇØ¿¡ ±×´Â "¾Æºê¶óÇÔ ½ÅºÎÀÇ ¼³±³"¸¦ ÀμâÇߴµ¥, ÀÌ´Â ÇöÀç ½Ä¹ÎÁö ¹Ì±¹¿¡¼ »ý»êµÈ °¡Àå À¯¸íÇÑ ¹®ÇÐ ÀÛÇ°À¸·Î °£Áֵ˴ϴÙ.
¢º Meantime Franklin was concerning himself more and more with public affairs. He set forth a scheme for an Academy, which was taken up later and finally developed into the University of Pennsylvania; and he founded an "American Philosophical Society" for the purpose of enabling scientific men to communicate their discoveries to one another. He himself had already begun his electrical researches, which, with other scientific inquiries, he carried on in the intervals of money-making and politics to the end of his life. In 1748 he sold his business in order to get leisure for study, having now acquired comparative wealth; and in a few years he had made discoveries that gave him a reputation with the learned throughout Europe.
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¢º The first five chapters of the Autobiography were composed in England in 1771, continued in 1784-5, and again in 1788, at which date he brought it down to 1757. After a most extraordinary series of adventures, the original form of the manuscript was finally printed by Mr. John Bigelow, and is here reproduced in recognition of its value as a picture of one of the most notable personalities of Colonial times, and of its acknowledged rank as one of the great autobiographies of the world.
¢¹ ÀÚ¼ÀüÀÇ Ã³À½ ´Ù¼¸ ÀåÀº 1771³â¿¡ ¿µ±¹¿¡¼ ÀÛ¼ºµÇ¾ú°í 1784-5³â¿¡ °è¼ÓµÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç 1788³â¿¡ ´Ù½Ã 1757³âÀ¸·Î Ãà¼ÒµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¸¶Ä§³» Á¸ ºñ±Û·Î¿ì(John Bigelow) ¾¾°¡ ÀμâÇßÀ¸¸ç ½Ä¹ÎÁö ½Ã´ëÀÇ °¡Àå ÁÖ¸ñÇÒ ¸¸ÇÑ Àι° Áß ÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ±×¸²À¸·Î¼ÀÇ °¡Ä¡¿Í ¼¼°è¿¡¼ °¡Àå À§´ëÇÑ ÀÚ¼Àü Áß Çϳª·Î ÀÎÁ¤µÈ ¼øÀ§¸¦ ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏ¿© ¿©±â¿¡ ÀçÇöµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
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¢º º¥ÀڹΠÇÁ·©Å¬¸° ÀÚ¼Àü 1791(The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin by Benjamin Franklin)
Introductory Note
¢º Benjamin Franklin His Autobiography 1706-1757
Part II. Letter from Mr. Abel James, with Notes of my Life(received in Paris).
Part III.
Part IV.
Chief Events In Franklin's Life.
On Franklin's Autobiography
Transcriber's Notes
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