< 영어로 읽는 고전 _ 버나드 쇼의 의사에 관한 의사의 딜레마 서문>
"The Doctor's Dilemma"의 서문인 "Preface on Doctors"는 조지 버나드 쇼가 1911년에 발표한 에세이입니다.
이 서문은 쇼의 희곡 "The Doctor's Dilemma"에 앞서 실린 것으로, 의료 시스템과 의사들에 대한 그의 비판적 견해를 상세히 다룹니다. 쇼는 이 에세이를 통해 당시 의료계의 문제점들을 날카롭게 지적합니다.
주요 내용으로는 의사들의 경제적 이해관계와 환자의 건강 사이의 갈등, 의학 교육의 문제점, 의료 시스템의 비효율성 등이 포함됩니다. 쇼는 특히 의사들이 환자를 치료하는 것보다 질병을 유지하는 데 더 경제적 이익이 있다는 모순적 상황을 비판합니다.
또한 쇼는 예방 의학의 중요성을 강조하며, 질병 치료보다 건강 유지에 초점을 맞춘 의료 시스템의 필요성을 주장합니다. 그는 의사들이 환자를 치료하지 못할 때 급여를 받지 못하는 시스템을 제안하기도 합니다.
이 서문에서 쇼는 자신의 특유의 풍자와 위트를 발휘하여 심각한 주제를 흥미롭게 다룹니다. 그의 과감한 주장들은 당시에 큰 논란을 일으켰으며, 의료계에 대한 public debate를 촉발시켰습니다.
"Preface on Doctors"는 단순히 희곡의 서문을 넘어서 독립적인 에세이로서의 가치를 인정받고 있습니다. 이는 쇼의 사회 비평가로서의 면모를 잘 보여주는 중요한 텍스트 중 하나로 평가됩니다.
이 에세이는 오늘날에도 여전히 관련성을 가지고 있어, 현대 의료 윤리와 시스템에 대한 논의에서도 자주 인용되고 있습니다. 쇼의 날카로운 통찰력과 개혁에 대한 열정이 잘 드러나는 작품으로, 의료계 뿐만 아니라 사회 전반에 대한 그의 비판적 시각을 이해하는 데 중요한 자료가 되고 있습니다.

< Classics in English _ The Doctor’s Dilemma Preface on Doctors by Bernard Shaw >
"Preface on Doctors," the preface to "The Doctor's Dilemma," is an essay published by George Bernard Shaw in 1911.
This preface was published before Shaw's play "The Doctor's Dilemma," and it discusses in detail his critical views on the medical system and doctors. Through this essay, Shaw sharply points out the problems of the medical community at the time.
The main topics include the conflict between the economic interests of doctors and the health of patients, the problems of medical education, and the inefficiency of the medical system. Shaw especially criticizes the contradictory situation in which doctors have more economic benefits in maintaining illness than in treating patients.
Shaw also emphasizes the importance of preventive medicine and argues for a medical system that focuses on maintaining health rather than treating illness. He also proposes a system in which doctors are not paid when they fail to treat patients.
In this preface, Shaw uses his characteristic satire and wit to deal with serious topics in an interesting way. His bold claims were highly controversial at the time, sparking public debate about the medical profession.
"Preface on Doctors" is recognized as an independent essay that goes beyond the preface to a play. It is considered one of the important texts that clearly demonstrates Shaw's side as a social critic.
This essay is still relevant today, and is often cited in discussions of modern medical ethics and systems. It is a work that clearly demonstrates Shaw's keen insight and passion for reform, and it is an important source for understanding his critical perspective not only on the medical profession but also on society as a whole.

Summary
It is not the fault of our doctors that the medical service of the community, as at present provided for, is a murderous absurdity. That any sane nation, having observed that you could provide for the supply of bread by giving bakers a pecuniary interest in baking for you, should go on to give a surgeon a pecuniary interest in cutting off your leg, is enough to make one despair of political humanity. But that is precisely what we have done. And the more appalling the mutilation, the more the mutilator is paid. He who corrects the ingrowing toe-nail receives a few shillings: he who cuts your inside out receives hundreds of guineas, except when he does it to a poor person for practice.

Contents
DOUBTFUL CHARACTER BORNE BY THE MEDICAL PROFESSION
DOCTOR'S CONSCIENCES
THE PECULIAR PEOPLE
RECOIL OF THE DOGMA OF MEDICAL INFALLIBILITY ON THE DOCTOR
WHY DOCTORS DO NOT DIFFER
THE CRAZE FOR OPERATIONS
CREDULITY AND CHLOROFORM
MEDICAL POVERTY
THE SUCCESSFUL DOCTOR
THE PSYCHOLOGY OF SELF-RESPECT IN SURGEONS
ARE DOCTORS MEN OF SCIENCE?
BACTERIOLOGY AS A SUPERSTITION
ECONOMIC DIFFICULTIES OF IMMUNIZATION
THE PERILS OF INOCULATION
DOCTORS AND VIVISECTION
THE PRIMITIVE SAVAGE MOTIVE
THE HIGHER MOTIVE. THE TREE OF KNOWLEDGE.
THE FLAW IN THE ARGUMENT
LIMITATIONS OF THE RIGHT TO KNOWLEDGE
A FALSE ALTERNATIVE
OUR OWN CRUELTIES
THE SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION OF CRUELTY
ROUTINE
THE OLD LINE BETWEEN MAN AND BEAST
VIVISECTING THE HUMAN SUBJECT
"THE LIE IS A EUROPEAN POWER"
AN ARGUMENT WHICH WOULD DEFEND ANY CRIME
THOU ART THE MAN
WHAT THE PUBLIC WANTS AND WILL NOT GET
THE VACCINATION CRAZE
STATISTICAL ILLUSIONS
THE SURPRISES OF ATTENTION AND NEGLECT
STEALING CREDIT FROM CIVILIZATION
BIOMETRIKA
PATIENT-MADE THERAPEUTICS
THE REFORMS ALSO COME FROM THE LAITY
FASHIONS AND EPIDEMICS
THE DOCTOR'S VIRTUES
THE DOCTOR'S HARDSHIPS
THE PUBLIC DOCTOR
MEDICAL ORGANIZATION
THE SOCIAL SOLUTION OF THE MEDICAL PROBLEM
THE FUTURE OF PRIVATE PRACTICE
THE TECHNICAL PROBLEM
THE LATEST THEORIES